SUBROUTINE SFLX ( & ICE,DT,Z,NSOIL,SLDPTH, & LWDN,SOLDN,SFCPRS,PRCP,SFCTMP,TH2,Q2,SFCSPD,Q2SAT,DQSDT2, & VEGTYP,SOILTYP,SLOPETYP, & SHDFAC,PTU,TBOT,ALB,SNOALB, & CMC,T1,STC,SMC,SH2O,SNOWH,SNEQV,ALBEDO,CH,CM, & ETP,ETA,H,S,RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2,Q1,SNMAX, & SOILW,SOILM, SMCWLT,SMCDRY,SMCREF,SMCMAX ) IMPLICIT NONE !C ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: SUB-DRIVER FOR "NOAH/OSU LSM" FAMILY OF PHYSICS SUBROUTINES !C FOR A SOIL/VEG/SNOWPACK LAND-SURFACE MODEL TO UPDATE SOIL !C MOISTURE, SOIL ICE, SOIL TEMPERATURE, SKIN TEMPERATURE, !C SNOWPACK WATER CONTENT, SNOWDEPTH, AND ALL TERMS !C OF THE SURFACE ENERGY BALANCE AND SURFACE WATER !C BALANCE (EXCLUDING INPUT ATMOSPHERIC FORCINGS OF !C DOWNWARD RADIATION AND PRECIP) !C !C VERSION 2.2 07 FEBRUARY 2001 !C ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ------------ FROZEN GROUND VERSION ---------------------------- ! ADDED STATES: SH2O(NSOIL) - UNFROZEN SOIL MOISTURE ! SNOWH - SNOW DEPTH ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! NOTE ON SNOW STATE VARIABLES: ! SNOWH = actual physical snow depth in m ! SNEQV = liquid water-equivalent snow depth in m ! (time-dependent snow density is obtained from SNEQV/SNOWH) ! NOTE ON ALBEDO FRACTIONS: ! Input: ! ALB = BASELINE SNOW-FREE ALBEDO, FOR JULIAN DAY OF YEAR ! (USUALLY FROM TEMPORAL INTERPOLATION OF MONTHLY MEAN VALUES) ! (CALLING PROG MAY OR MAY NOT INCLUDE DIURNAL SUN ANGLE EFFECT) ! SNOALB = UPPER BOUND ON MAXIMUM ALBEDO OVER DEEP SNOW ! (E.G. FROM ROBINSON AND KUKLA, 1985, J. CLIM. & APPL. METEOR.) ! Output: ! ALBEDO = COMPUTED ALBEDO WITH SNOWCOVER EFFECTS ! (COMPUTED USING ALB, SNOALB, SNEQV, AND SHDFAC->green veg frac) ! ARGUMENT LIST IN THE CALL TO SFLX ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! 1. CALLING STATEMENT ! SUBROUTINE SFLX ! I (ICE,DT,Z,NSOIL,SLDPTH, ! I LWDN,SOLDN,SFCPRS,PRCP,SFCTMP,TH2,Q2,Q2SAT,DQSDT2, ! I VEGTYP,SOILTYP,SLOPETYP, ! I SHDFAC,PTU,TBOT,ALB,SNOALB, ! I SFCSPD, ! 2 CMC,T1,STC,SMC,SH2O,SNOWH,SNEQV,CH,CM, ! O ETP,ETA,H,S,RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2,Q1,SNMAX,ALBEDO, ! O SOILW,SOILM,SMCWLT,SMCDRY,SMCREF,SMCMAX) ! 2. INPUT (denoted by "I" in column six of argument list at top of routine) ! ### GENERAL PARAMETERS ### ! ICE: SEA-ICE FLAG (=1: SEA-ICE, =0: LAND) ! DT: TIMESTEP (SEC) ! (DT SHOULD NOT EXCEED 3600 SECS, RECOMMEND 1800 SECS OR LESS) ! Z: HEIGHT (M) ABOVE GROUND OF ATMOSPHERIC FORCING VARIABLES ! NSOIL: NUMBER OF SOIL LAYERS ! (at least 2, and not greater than parameter NSOLD set below) ! SLDPTH: THE THICKNESS OF EACH SOIL LAYER (M) ! ### ATMOSPHERIC VARIABLES ### ! LWDN: LW DOWNWARD RADIATION (W M-2; POSITIVE, not net longwave) ! SOLDN: SOLAR DOWNWARD RADIATION (W M-2; POSITIVE, not net shortwave) ! SFCPRS: PRESSURE AT HEIGHT Z ABOVE GROUND (PASCALS) ! PRCP: PRECIP RATE (KG M-2 S-1) (note, this is a rate) ! SFCTMP: AIR TEMPERATURE (K) AT HEIGHT Z ABOVE GROUND ! TH2: AIR POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE (K) AT HEIGHT Z ABOVE GROUND ! Q2: MIXING RATIO AT HEIGHT Z ABOVE GROUND (KG KG-1) ! SFCSPD: WIND SPEED (M S-1) AT HEIGHT Z ABOVE GROUND ! Q2SAT: SAT MIXING RATIO AT HEIGHT Z ABOVE GROUND (KG KG-1) ! DQSDT2: SLOPE OF SAT SPECIFIC HUMIDITY CURVE AT T=SFCTMP (KG KG-1 K-1) ! ### CANOPY/SOIL CHARACTERISTICS ### ! VEGTYP: VEGETATION TYPE (INTEGER INDEX) ! SOILTYP: SOIL TYPE (INTEGER INDEX) ! SLOPETYP: CLASS OF SFC SLOPE (INTEGER INDEX) ! SHDFAC: AREAL FRACTIONAL COVERAGE OF GREEN VEGETATION (range 0.0-1.0) ! PTU: PHOTO THERMAL UNIT (PLANT PHENOLOGY FOR ANNUALS/CROPS) ! (not yet used, but passed to REDPRM for future use in veg parms) ! TBOT: BOTTOM SOIL TEMPERATURE (LOCAL YEARLY-MEAN SFC AIR TEMPERATURE) ! ALB: BACKROUND SNOW-FREE SURFACE ALBEDO (FRACTION) ! SNOALB: ALBEDO UPPER BOUND OVER DEEP SNOW (FRACTION) ! 3. STATE VARIABLES: BOTH INPUT AND OUTPUT ! (NOTE: OUTPUT USUALLY MODIFIED FROM INPUT BY PHYSICS) ! (denoted by "2" in column six of argument list at top of routine) ! !!! ########### STATE VARIABLES ############## !!! ! CMC: CANOPY MOISTURE CONTENT (M) ! T1: GROUND/CANOPY/SNOWPACK) EFFECTIVE SKIN TEMPERATURE (K) ! STC(NSOIL): SOIL TEMP (K) ! SMC(NSOIL): TOTAL SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT (VOLUMETRIC FRACTION) ! SH2O(NSOIL): UNFROZEN SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT (VOLUMETRIC FRACTION) ! NOTE: FROZEN SOIL MOISTURE = SMC - SH2O ! SNOWH: SNOW DEPTH (M) ! SNEQV: WATER-EQUIVALENT SNOW DEPTH (M) ! NOTE: SNOW DENSITY = SNEQV/SNOWH ! ALBEDO: SURFACE ALBEDO INCLUDING SNOW EFFECT (UNITLESS FRACTION) ! CH: SFC EXCH COEF FOR HEAT AND MOISTURE (M S-1) ! CM: SFC EXCH COEF FOR MOMENTUM (M S-1) ! NOTE: CH AND CM ARE TECHNICALLY CONDUCTANCES SINCE THEY ! HAVE BEEN MULTIPLIED BY THE WIND SPEED. ! 4. OUTPUT (denoted by "O" in column six of argument list at top of routine) ! NOTE-- SIGN CONVENTION OF SFC ENERGY FLUXES BELOW IS: NEGATIVE IF ! SINK OF ENERGY TO SURFACE ! ETP: POTENTIAL EVAPORATION (W M-2) ! ETA: ACTUAL LATENT HEAT FLUX (W M-2: NEGATIVE, IF UP FROM SURFACE) ! H: SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX (W M-2: NEGATIVE, IF UPWARD FROM SURFACE) ! S: SOIL HEAT FLUX (W M-2: NEGATIVE, IF DOWNWARD FROM SURFACE) ! RUNOFF1: SURFACE RUNOFF (M S-1), NOT INFILTRATING THE SURFACE ! RUNOFF2: SUBSURFACE RUNOFF (M S-1), DRAINAGE OUT BOTTOM OF LAST SOIL LYR ! Q1: EFFECTIVE MIXING RATIO AT GRND SFC (KG KG-1) ! (NOTE: Q1 IS NUMERICAL EXPENDIENCY FOR EXPRESSING ETA ! EQUIVALENTLY IN A BULK AERODYNAMIC FORM) ! SNMAX: SNOW MELT (M) (WATER EQUIVALENT) ! SOILW: AVAILABLE SOIL MOISTURE IN ROOT ZONE (UNITLESS FRACTION BETWEEN ! SOIL SATURATION AND WILTING POINT) ! SOILM: TOTAL SOIL COLUMN MOISTURE CONTENT (M) (FROZEN + UNFROZEN) ! FOR DIAGNOSTIC PURPOSES, RETURN SOME PRIMARY PARAMETERS NEXT ! (SET IN ROUTINE REDPRM) ! SMCWLT: WILTING POINT (VOLUMETRIC) ! SMCDRY: DRY SOIL MOISTURE THRESHOLD WHERE DIRECT EVAP FRM TOP LYR ENDS ! SMCREF: SOIL MOISTURE THRESHOLD WHERE TRANSPIRATION BEGINS TO STRESS ! SMCMAX: POROSITY, I.E. SATURATED VALUE OF SOIL MOISTURE INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER (NSOLD = 20) LOGICAL :: SNOWNG LOGICAL :: FRZGRA LOGICAL :: SATURATED INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: KZ INTEGER :: ICE INTEGER :: NSOIL,VEGTYP,SOILTYP,NROOT INTEGER :: SLOPETYP REAL :: ALBEDO REAL :: ALB REAL :: B REAL :: BETA REAL :: CFACTR !..................CH IS SFC EXCHANGE COEF FOR HEAT/MOIST !..................CM IS SFC MOMENTUM DRAG (NOT NEEDED IN SFLX) REAL :: CH REAL :: CM REAL :: CMC REAL :: CMCMAX REAL :: CP REAL :: CSNOW REAL :: CSOIL REAL :: CZIL REAL :: DEW REAL :: DF1 REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: DQSDT2 REAL :: DSOIL REAL :: DTOT REAL :: DRIP REAL :: EC REAL :: EDIR REAL :: ETT REAL :: EXPSNO REAL :: EXPSOI REAL :: EPSCA REAL :: ETA REAL :: ETP REAL :: EDIR1 REAL :: EC1 REAL :: ETT1 REAL :: F REAL :: F1 REAL :: FLX1 REAL :: FLX2 REAL :: FLX3 REAL :: FXEXP REAL :: FRZX REAL :: H REAL :: HS REAL :: KDT REAL :: LWDN REAL :: LVH2O REAL :: PC REAL :: PRCP REAL :: PTU REAL :: PRCP1 REAL :: PSISAT REAL :: Q1 REAL :: Q2 REAL :: Q2SAT REAL :: QUARTZ REAL :: R REAL :: RCH REAL :: REFKDT REAL :: RR REAL :: RTDIS (NSOLD) REAL :: RUNOFF1 REAL :: RUNOFF2 REAL :: RGL REAL :: RUNOF REAL :: RIB REAL :: RUNOFF3 REAL :: RSMAX REAL :: RC REAL :: RCMIN REAL :: RSNOW REAL :: SNDENS REAL :: SNCOND REAL :: S REAL :: SBETA REAL :: SFCPRS REAL :: SFCSPD REAL :: SFCTMP REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: SH2O(NSOIL) REAL :: SLDPTH(NSOIL) REAL :: SMCDRY REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: SMC(NSOIL) REAL :: SNEQV REAL :: SNOWH REAL :: SNOFAC REAL :: SN_NEW REAL :: SLOPE REAL :: SNUP REAL :: SALP REAL :: SNOALB REAL :: STC(NSOIL) REAL :: SOLDN REAL :: SNMAX REAL :: SOILM REAL :: SOILW REAL :: SOILWM REAL :: SOILWW REAL :: T1 REAL :: T1V REAL :: T24 REAL :: T2V REAL :: TBOT REAL :: TH2 REAL :: TH2V REAL :: TOPT REAL :: TFREEZ REAL :: XLAI REAL :: Z REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: Z0 REAL :: ZSOIL(NSOLD) PARAMETER ( TFREEZ = 273.15 ) PARAMETER ( LVH2O = 2.501000E+6 ) PARAMETER ( R = 287.04 ) PARAMETER ( CP = 1004.5 ) ! COMMON BLK "RITE" CARRIES DIAGNOSTIC QUANTITIES FOR PRINTOUT, ! BUT IS NOT INVOLVED IN MODEL PHYSICS AND IS NOT PRESENT IN ! PARENT MODEL THAT CALLS SFLX COMMON/RITE/ BETA,DRIP,EC,EDIR,ETT,FLX1,FLX2,FLX3,RUNOF, & DEW,RIB,RUNOFF3 ! INITIALIZATION ! write(6,*) 'inside SFLX: ' RUNOFF1 = 0.0 RUNOFF2 = 0.0 RUNOFF3 = 0.0 SNMAX = 0.0 ! THE VARIABLE "ICE" IS A FLAG DENOTING SEA-ICE CASE IF(ICE == 1) THEN ! SEA-ICE LAYERS ARE EQUAL THICKNESS AND SUM TO 3 METERS DO KZ = 1, NSOIL ZSOIL(KZ)=-3.*FLOAT(KZ)/FLOAT(NSOIL) END DO ELSE ! CALCULATE DEPTH (NEGATIVE) BELOW GROUND FROM TOP SKIN SFC TO ! BOTTOM OF EACH SOIL LAYER. ! NOTE:!!! SIGN OF ZSOIL IS NEGATIVE (DENOTING BELOW GROUND) ZSOIL(1)=-SLDPTH(1) DO KZ = 2, NSOIL ZSOIL(KZ)=-SLDPTH(KZ)+ZSOIL(KZ-1) END DO ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !C !C NEXT IS CRUCIAL CALL TO SET THE LAND-SURFACE PARAMETERS, !C INCLUDING SOIL-TYPE AND VEG-TYPE DEPENDENT PARAMETERS. !C ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C ! write(6,*) 'call REDPRM' CALL REDPRM(VEGTYP,SOILTYP, SLOPETYP, & CFACTR, CMCMAX, RSMAX, TOPT, REFKDT, KDT, SBETA, & SHDFAC, RCMIN, RGL, HS, ZBOT, FRZX, PSISAT, SLOPE, & SNUP, SALP, B, DKSAT, DWSAT, SMCMAX, SMCWLT, SMCREF, & SMCDRY, F1, QUARTZ, FXEXP, RTDIS, SLDPTH, ZSOIL, & NROOT, NSOIL, Z0, CZIL, XLAI, CSOIL, PTU) ! write(6,*) 'return REDPRM' ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C !C NEXT CALL ROUTINE SFCDIF TO CALCULATE !C THE SFC EXCHANGE COEF (CH) FOR HEAT AND MOISTURE !C !C NOTE NOTE !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !C !C COMMENT OUT CALL SFCDIF, IF SFCDIF ALREADY CALLED !C IN CALLING PROGRAM (SUCH AS IN COUPLED ATMOSPHERIC MODEL) !C !C NOTE !! DO NOT CALL SFCDIF UNTIL AFTER ABOVE CALL TO REDPRM, !C IN CASE ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF ROUGHNESS LENGTH (Z0) AND !C ZILINTINKEVICH COEF (CZIL) ARE SET THERE VIA NAMELIST I/O !C !C NOTE !! ROUTINE SFCDIF RETURNS A CH THAT REPRESENTS THE WIND SPD !C TIMES THE "ORIGINAL" NONDIMENSIONAL "Ch" TYPICAL IN LITERATURE. !C HENCE THE CH RETURNED FROM SFCDIF HAS UNITS OF M/S. !C THE IMPORTANT COMPANION COEFFICIENT OF CH, CARRIED HERE AS "RCH", !C IS THE CH FROM SFCDIF TIMES AIR DENSITY AND PARAMETER "CP". !C "RCH" IS COMPUTED IN "CALL PENMAN". RCH RATHER THAN CH IS THE ! COEFF USUALLY INVOKED LATER IN EQNS. !C !C NOTE !! SFCDIF ALSO RETURNS THE SURFACE EXCHANGE COEFFICIENT FOR ! MOMENTUM, CM, ALSO KNOWN AS THE SURFACE DRAGE COEFFICIENT, ! BUT CM IS NOT USED HERE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC VIRTUAL TEMPS AND VIRTUAL POTENTIAL TEMPS NEEDED BY ! SUBROUTINES SFCDIF AND PENMAN ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC T2V = SFCTMP * (1.0 + 0.61 * Q2 ) ! comment out below 2 lines if CALL SFCDIF is commented out, i.e. in ! the coupled model ! T1V = T1 * (1.0 + 0.61 * Q2 ) ! TH2V = TH2 * (1.0 + 0.61 * Q2 ) ! CALL SFCDIF ( Z, Z0, T1V, TH2V, SFCSPD, CZIL, CM, CH ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIALIZE MISC VARIABLES. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC SNOWNG = .FALSE. FRZGRA = .FALSE. ! IF SEA-ICE CASE, ASSIGN DEFAULT WATER-EQUIV SNOW ON TOP IF(ICE == 1) THEN SNEQV = 0.01 SNOWH = 0.05 ENDIF ! IF INPUT SNOWPACK IS NONZERO, THEN COMPUTE SNOW DENSITY "SNDENS" ! AND SNOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY "SNCOND" ! (NOTE THAT CSNOW IS A FUNCTION SUBROUTINE) IF(SNEQV == 0.0) THEN SNDENS = 0.0 SNOWH = 0.0 SNCOND = 1.0 ELSE SNDENS=SNEQV/SNOWH SNCOND = CSNOW (SNDENS) ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! DETERMINE IF ITS PRECIPITATING AND WHAT KIND OF PRECIP IT IS. ! IF IT'S PRCPING AND THE AIR TEMP IS COLDER THAN 0 C, IT'S SNOWING! ! IF ITS PRCPING AND THE AIR TEMP IS WARMER THAN 0 C, BUT THE GRND ! TEMP IS COLDER THAN 0 C, FREEZING RAIN IS PRESUMED TO BE FALLING. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF ( PRCP > 0.0 ) THEN IF ( SFCTMP <= TFREEZ ) THEN SNOWNG = .TRUE. ELSE IF ( T1 <= TFREEZ ) FRZGRA = .TRUE. ENDIF ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! If either prcp flag is set, determine new snowfall (converting prcp ! rate from kg m-2 s-1 to a liquid equiv snow depth in meters) and add ! it to the existing snowpack. ! Note that since all precip is added to snowpack, no precip infiltrates ! into the soil so that PRCP1 is set to zero. IF ( ( SNOWNG ) .OR. ( FRZGRA ) ) THEN SN_NEW = PRCP * DT * 0.001 SNEQV = SNEQV + SN_NEW PRCP1 = 0.0 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Update snow density based on new snowfall, using old and new snow. CALL SNOW_NEW (SFCTMP,SN_NEW,SNOWH,SNDENS) ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ! SNDENS = 0.2 ! SNOWH = SNEQV/SNDENS ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Update snow thermal conductivity SNCOND = CSNOW (SNDENS) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ELSE ! PRECIP IS LIQUID (RAIN), HENCE SAVE IN THE PRECIP VARIABLE THAT ! LATER CAN WHOLELY OR PARTIALLY INFILTRATE THE SOIL (ALONG WITH ! ANY CANOPY "DRIP" ADDED TO THIS LATER) PRCP1 = PRCP ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Thermal conductivity for sea-ice case IF (ICE == 1) THEN DF1=2.2 ELSE ! NEXT CALCULATE THE SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX, WHICH FIRST REQUIRES ! CALCULATION OF THE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY. TREATMENT OF THE ! LATTER FOLLOWS THAT ON PAGES 148-149 FROM HEAT TRANSFER IN ! COLD CLIMATES, BY V. J. LUNARDINI (PUBLISHED IN 1981 ! BY VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD CO.) I.E. TREATMENT OF TWO CONTIGUOUS ! "PLANE PARALLEL" MEDIUMS (NAMELY HERE THE FIRST SOIL LAYER ! AND THE SNOWPACK LAYER, IF ANY). THIS DIFFUSIVITY TREATMENT ! BEHAVES WELL FOR BOTH ZERO AND NONZERO SNOWPACK, INCLUDING THE ! LIMIT OF VERY THIN SNOWPACK. THIS TREATMENT ALSO ELIMINATES ! THE NEED TO IMPOSE AN ARBITRARY UPPER BOUND ON SUBSURFACE ! HEAT FLUX WHEN THE SNOWPACK BECOMES EXTREMELY THIN. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! FIRST CALCULATE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY OF TOP SOIL LAYER, USING ! BOTH THE FROZEN AND LIQUID SOIL MOISTURE, FOLLOWING THE ! SOIL THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY FUNCTION OF PETERS-LIDARD ET AL. ! (1998,JAS, VOL 55, 1209-1224), WHICH REQUIRES THE SPECIFYING ! THE QUARTZ CONTENT OF THE GIVEN SOIL CLASS (SEE ROUTINE REDPRM) CALL TDFCND ( DF1, SMC(1),QUARTZ,SMCMAX,SH2O(1) ) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! NEXT ADD SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX REDUCTION EFFECT FROM THE ! OVERLYING GREEN CANOPY, ADAPTED FROM SECTION 2.1.2 OF ! PETERS-LIDARD ET AL. (1997, JGR, VOL 102(D4)) DF1 = DF1 * EXP(SBETA*SHDFAC) ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! FINALLY "PLANE PARALLEL" SNOWPACK EFFECT FOLLOWING ! V.J. LINARDINI REFERENCE CITED ABOVE. NOTE THAT DTOT IS ! COMBINED DEPTH OF SNOWDEPTH AND THICKNESS OF FIRST SOIL LAYER DSOIL = -(0.5 * ZSOIL(1)) IF (SNEQV == 0.) THEN S = DF1 * (T1 - STC(1) ) / DSOIL ELSE DTOT = SNOWH + DSOIL EXPSNO = SNOWH/DTOT EXPSOI = DSOIL/DTOT ! 1. harmonic mean (series flow) ! DF1 = (SNCOND*DF1)/(EXPSOI*SNCOND+EXPSNO*DF1) ! 2. arithmetic mean (parallel flow) ! DF1 = EXPSNO*SNCOND + EXPSOI*DF1 ! 3. geometric mean (intermediate between ! harmonic and arithmetic mean) DF1 = (SNCOND**EXPSNO)*(DF1**EXPSOI) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CALCULATE SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX, S, FROM FINAL THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY ! OF SURFACE MEDIUMS, DF1 ABOVE, AND SKIN TEMPERATURE AND TOP ! MID-LAYER SOIL TEMPERATURE S = DF1 * (T1 - STC(1) ) / DTOT ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Update albedo, except over sea-ice IF (ICE == 0) THEN ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! NEXT IS TIME-DEPENDENT SURFACE ALBEDO MODIFICATION DUE TO ! TIME-DEPENDENT SNOWDEPTH STATE AND TIME-DEPENDENT CANOPY GREENNESS ! IF ( (SNEQV .EQ. 0.0) .OR. (ALB .GE. SNOALB) ) THEN IF (SNEQV == 0.0) THEN ALBEDO = ALB ELSE ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SNUP IS VEG-CLASS DEPENDENT SNOWDEPTH THRESHHOLD (SET IN ROUTINE ! REDPRM)WHERE MAX SNOW ALBEDO EFFECT IS FIRST ATTAINED IF (SNEQV < SNUP) THEN RSNOW = SNEQV/SNUP SNOFAC = 1. - ( EXP(-SALP*RSNOW) - RSNOW*EXP(-SALP)) ELSE SNOFAC = 1.0 ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SNOALB IS ARGUMENT REPRESENTING MAXIMUM ALBEDO OVER DEEP SNOW, ! AS PASSED INTO SFLX, AND ADAPTED FROM THE SATELLITE-BASED MAXIMUM ! SNOW ALBEDO FIELDS PROVIDED BY D. ROBINSON AND G. KUKLA ! (1985, JCAM, VOL 24, 402-411) ALBEDO = ALB + (1.0-SHDFAC)*SNOFAC*(SNOALB-ALB) IF (ALBEDO > SNOALB) ALBEDO=SNOALB ENDIF ELSE ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! albedo over sea-ice ALBEDO = 0.60 SNOFAC = 1.0 ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CALCULATE TOTAL DOWNWARD RADIATION (SOLAR PLUS LONGWAVE) ! NEEDED IN PENMAN EP SUBROUTINE THAT FOLLOWS F = SOLDN*(1.0-ALBEDO) + LWDN ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALL PENMAN SUBROUTINE TO CALCULATE POTENTIAL EVAPORATION (ETP) ! (AND OTHER PARTIAL PRODUCTS AND SUMS SAVE IN COMMON/RITE FOR ! LATER CALCULATIONS) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CALL PENMAN ( SFCTMP,SFCPRS,CH,T2V,TH2,PRCP,F,T24,S,Q2, & Q2SAT,ETP,RCH,EPSCA,RR,SNOWNG,FRZGRA,DQSDT2) ! following old constraint is disabled !.....IF(SATURATED) ETP = 0.0 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALL CANRES TO CALCULATE THE CANOPY RESISTANCE AND CONVERT IT ! INTO PC IF MORE THAN TRACE AMOUNT OF CANOPY GREENNESS FRACTION ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! IF(SHDFAC .GT. 1.E-6) THEN ! make this threshold consistent with the one in SMFLX for TRANSP ! and EC(anopy) IF(SHDFAC > 0.) THEN ! FROZEN GROUND EXTENSION: TOTAL SOIL WATER "SMC" WAS REPLACED ! BY UNFROZEN SOIL WATER "SH2O" IN CALL TO CANRES BELOW CALL CANRES(SOLDN,CH,SFCTMP,Q2,SFCPRS,SH2O,ZSOIL,NSOIL, & SMCWLT,SMCREF,RCMIN,RC,PC,NROOT,Q2SAT,DQSDT2, & TOPT,RSMAX,RGL,HS,XLAI) ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! NOW DECIDE MAJOR PATHWAY BRANCH TO TAKE DEPENDING ON WHETHER ! SNOWPACK EXISTS OR NOT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF ( SNEQV == 0.0 ) THEN CALL NOPAC ( ETP, ETA, PRCP, SMC, SMCMAX, SMCWLT, & SMCREF,SMCDRY, CMC, CMCMAX, NSOIL, DT, SHDFAC, & SBETA,Q1,Q2,T1,SFCTMP,T24,TH2,F,F1,S,STC, & EPSCA, B, PC, RCH, RR, CFACTR, & SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZX, PSISAT, ZSOIL, & DKSAT, DWSAT, TBOT, ZBOT, RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2, & RUNOFF3, EDIR1, EC1, ETT1,NROOT,ICE,RTDIS, & QUARTZ, FXEXP,CSOIL) ELSE CALL SNOPAC ( ETP,ETA,PRCP,PRCP1,SNOWNG,SMC,SMCMAX,SMCWLT, & SMCREF, SMCDRY, CMC, CMCMAX, NSOIL, DT, & SBETA,Q1,DF1, & Q2,T1,SFCTMP,T24,TH2,F,F1,S,STC,EPSCA,SFCPRS, & ! & B, PC, RCH, RR, CFACTR, SALP, SNEQV, B, PC, RCH, RR, CFACTR, SNOFAC, SNEQV,SNDENS, & SNOWH, SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZX, PSISAT, SNUP, & ZSOIL, DWSAT, DKSAT, TBOT, ZBOT, SHDFAC,RUNOFF1, & RUNOFF2,RUNOFF3,EDIR1,EC1,ETT1,NROOT,SNMAX,ICE, & RTDIS,QUARTZ, FXEXP,CSOIL) ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! PREPARE SENSIBLE HEAT (H) FOR RETURN TO PARENT MODEL ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC H = -(CH * CP * SFCPRS)/(R * T2V) * ( TH2 - T1 ) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CONVERT UNITS AND/OR SIGN OF TOTAL EVAP (ETA), POTENTIAL EVAP (ETP), ! SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX (S), AND RUNOFFS FOR WHAT PARENT MODEL EXPECTS ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CONVERT ETA FROM KG M-2 S-1 TO W M-2 ETA = ETA*LVH2O ETP = ETP*LVH2O ! CONVERT THE SIGN OF SOIL HEAT FLUX SO THAT: ! S>0: WARM THE SURFACE (NIGHT TIME) ! S<0: COOL THE SURFACE (DAY TIME) S=-1.0*S ! CONVERT RUNOFF3 (INTERNAL LAYER RUNOFF FROM SUPERSAT) FROM M TO M S-1 ! AND ADD TO SUBSURFACE RUNOFF/DRAINAGE/BASEFLOW RUNOFF3 = RUNOFF3/DT RUNOFF2 = RUNOFF2+RUNOFF3 ! TOTAL COLUMN SOIL MOISTURE IN METERS (SOILM) AND ROOT-ZONE ! SOIL MOISTURE AVAILABILITY (FRACTION) RELATIVE TO POROSITY/SATURATION SOILM=-1.0*SMC(1)*ZSOIL(1) DO K = 2, NSOIL SOILM=SOILM+SMC(K)*(ZSOIL(K-1)-ZSOIL(K)) END DO SOILWM=-1.0*(SMCMAX-SMCWLT)*ZSOIL(1) SOILWW=-1.0*(SMC(1)-SMCWLT)*ZSOIL(1) DO K = 2, NROOT SOILWM=SOILWM+(SMCMAX-SMCWLT)*(ZSOIL(K-1)-ZSOIL(K)) SOILWW=SOILWW+(SMC(K)-SMCWLT)*(ZSOIL(K-1)-ZSOIL(K)) END DO SOILW=SOILWW/SOILWM RETURN END SUBROUTINE SFLX SUBROUTINE CANRES(SOLAR,CH,SFCTMP,Q2,SFCPRS,SMC,ZSOIL,NSOIL, & SMCWLT,SMCREF,RCMIN,RC,PC,NROOT,Q2SAT,DQSDT2, & TOPT,RSMAX,RGL,HS,XLAI) IMPLICIT NONE ! ###################################################################### ! SUBROUTINE CANRES ! ----------------- ! THIS ROUTINE CALCULATES THE CANOPY RESISTANCE WHICH DEPENDS ON ! INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION, AIR TEMPERATURE, ATMOSPHERIC WATER ! VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT AT THE LOWEST MODEL LEVEL, AND SOIL ! MOISTURE (PREFERABLY UNFROZEN SOIL MOISTURE RATHER THAN TOTAL) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SOURCE: JARVIS (1976), JACQUEMIN AND NOILHAN (1990 BLM) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! INPUT: SOLAR: INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION ! CH: SURFACE EXCHANGE COEFFICIENT FOR HEAT AND MOISTURE ! SFCTMP: AIR TEMPERATURE AT 1ST LEVEL ABOVE GROUND ! Q2: AIR HUMIDITY AT 1ST LEVEL ABOVE GROUND ! Q2SAT: SATURATION AIR HUMIDITY AT 1ST LEVEL ABOVE GROUND ! DQSDT2: SLOPE OF SATURATION HUMIDITY FUNCTION WRT TEMP ! SFCPRS: SURFACE PRESSURE ! SMC: VOLUMETRIC SOIL MOISTURE ! ZSOIL: SOIL DEPTH (NEGATIVE SIGN, AS IT IS BELOW GROUND) ! NSOIL: NO. OF SOIL LAYERS ! NROOT: NO. OF SOIL LAYERS IN ROOT ZONE (1.LE.NROOT.LE.NSOIL) ! XLAI: LEAF AREA INDEX ! SMCWLT: WILTING POINT ! SMCREF: REFERENCE SOIL MOISTURE ! (WHERE SOIL WATER DEFICIT STRESS SETS IN) ! RCMIN, RSMAX, TOPT, RGL, HS: CANOPY STRESS PARAMETERS SET IN SUBR REDPRM ! (SEE EQNS 12-14 AND TABLE 2 OF SEC. 3.1.2 OF ! CHEN ET AL., 1996, JGR, VOL 101(D3), 7251-7268) ! OUTPUT: PC: PLANT COEFFICIENT ! RC: CANOPY RESISTANCE ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ###################################################################### INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER (NSOLD = 20) INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NROOT INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: SIGMA, RD, CP, SLV REAL :: SOLAR, CH, SFCTMP, Q2, SFCPRS REAL :: SMC(NSOIL), ZSOIL(NSOIL), PART(NSOLD) REAL :: SMCWLT, SMCREF, RCMIN, RC, PC, Q2SAT, DQSDT2 REAL :: TOPT, RSMAX, RGL, HS, XLAI, RCS, RCT, RCQ, RCSOIL, FF REAL :: P, QS, GX, TAIR4, ST1, SLVCP, RR, DELTA PARAMETER (SIGMA=5.67E-8, RD=287.04, CP=1004.5, SLV=2.501000E6) RCS = 0.0 RCT = 0.0 RCQ = 0.0 RCSOIL = 0.0 RC = 0.0 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CONTRIBUTION DUE TO INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !C/98/01/05/..disgard old version assuming fixed LAI=1 !C...........FF = 0.55*2.0*SOLAR/RGL FF = 0.55*2.0*SOLAR/(RGL*XLAI) RCS = (FF + RCMIN/RSMAX) / (1.0 + FF) RCS = MAX(RCS,0.0001) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CONTRIBUTION DUE TO AIR TEMPERATURE AT FIRST MODEL LEVEL ABOVE GROUND ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RCT = 1.0 - 0.0016*((TOPT-SFCTMP)**2.0) RCT = MAX(RCT,0.0001) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CONTRIBUTION DUE TO VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT AT FIRST MODEL LEVEL. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! P = SFCPRS QS = Q2SAT ! RCQ EXPRESSION FROM SSIB RCQ = 1.0/(1.0+HS*(QS-Q2)) RCQ = MAX(RCQ,0.01) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CONTRIBUTION DUE TO SOIL MOISTURE AVAILABILITY. ! DETERMINE CONTRIBUTION FROM EACH SOIL LAYER, THEN ADD THEM UP. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- GX = (SMC(1) - SMCWLT) / (SMCREF - SMCWLT) IF (GX > 1.) GX = 1. IF (GX < 0.) GX = 0. !#### USING SOIL DEPTH AS WEIGHTING FACTOR PART(1) = (ZSOIL(1)/ZSOIL(NROOT)) * GX !#### USING ROOT DISTRIBUTION AS WEIGHTING FACTOR !C PART(1) = RTDIS(1) * GX DO K = 2, NROOT GX = (SMC(K) - SMCWLT) / (SMCREF - SMCWLT) IF (GX > 1.) GX = 1. IF (GX < 0.) GX = 0. !#### USING SOIL DEPTH AS WEIGHTING FACTOR PART(K) = ((ZSOIL(K)-ZSOIL(K-1))/ZSOIL(NROOT)) * GX !#### USING ROOT DISTRIBUTION AS WEIGHTING FACTOR !C PART(K) = RTDIS(K) * GX END DO DO K = 1, NROOT RCSOIL = RCSOIL+PART(K) END DO RCSOIL = MAX(RCSOIL,0.0001) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! DETERMINE CANOPY RESISTANCE DUE TO ALL FACTORS. ! CONVERT CANOPY RESISTANCE (RC) TO PLANT COEFFICIENT (PC). ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !C/98/01/05/........RC = RCMIN/(RCS*RCT*RCQ*RCSOIL) RC = RCMIN/(XLAI*RCS*RCT*RCQ*RCSOIL) TAIR4 = SFCTMP**4. ST1 = (4.*SIGMA*RD)/CP SLVCP = SLV/CP RR = ST1*TAIR4/(SFCPRS*CH) + 1.0 DELTA = SLVCP*DQSDT2 PC = (RR+DELTA)/(RR*(1.+RC*CH)+DELTA) RETURN END SUBROUTINE CANRES FUNCTION CSNOW ( DSNOW ) IMPLICIT NONE REAL :: C REAL :: DSNOW REAL :: CSNOW REAL :: UNIT PARAMETER ( UNIT=0.11631 ) ! #### SIMULATION OF TERMAL SNOW CONDUCTIVITY ! #### SIMULATION UNITS OF CSNOW IS CAL/(CM*HR* C) ! #### AND IT WILL BE RETURND IN W/(M* C) ! #### BASIC VERSION IS DYACHKOVA EQUATION ! ##### DYACHKOVA EQUATION (1960), FOR RANGE 0.1-0.4 C=0.328*10**(2.25*DSNOW) CSNOW=UNIT*C ! ##### DE VAUX EQUATION (1933), IN RANGE 0.1-0.6 ! CSNOW=0.0293*(1.+100.*DSNOW**2) ! ##### E. ANDERSEN FROM FLERCHINGER ! CSNOW=0.021+2.51*DSNOW**2 RETURN END FUNCTION CSNOW FUNCTION DEVAP ( ETP1, SMC, ZSOIL, SHDFAC, SMCMAX, B, & DKSAT, DWSAT, SMCDRY, SMCREF, SMCWLT, FXEXP) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C NAME: DIRECT EVAPORATION (DEVAP) FUNCTION VERSION: N/A ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REAL :: B REAL :: DEVAP REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: ETP1 REAL :: FX REAL :: FXEXP REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: SMC REAL :: SMCDRY REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: ZSOIL REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCWLT ! p FX = ( (SMC - SMCDRY) / (SMCMAX - SMCDRY) )**FXEXP FX = (ABS((SMC - SMCDRY) / (SMCMAX - SMCDRY)))**FXEXP ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! FX > 1 REPRESENTS DEMAND CONTROL ! FX < 1 REPRESENTS FLUX CONTROL ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FX = MAX ( MIN ( FX, 1. ) ,0. ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ALLOW FOR THE DIRECT-EVAP-REDUCING EFFECT OF SHADE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DEVAP = FX * ( 1.0 - SHDFAC ) * ETP1 RETURN END FUNCTION DEVAP FUNCTION FRH2O(TKELV,SMC,SH2O,SMCMAX,B,PSIS) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: CALCULATE AMOUNT OF SUPERCOOLED LIQUID SOIL WATER CONTENT !C IF TEMPERATURE IS BELOW 273.15K (T0). REQUIRES NEWTON-TYPE ITERATION !C TO SOLVE THE NONLINEAR IMPLICIT EQUATION GIVEN IN EQN 17 OF !C KOREN ET AL. (1999, JGR, VOL 104(D16), 19569-19585). ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! New version (FEB 2001): much faster and more accurate newton iteration ! achieved by first taking log of eqn cited above -- less than 4 ! (typically 1 or 2) iterations achieves convergence. Also, explicit ! 1-step solution option for special case of parameter Ck=0, which reduces ! the original implicit equation to a simpler explicit form, known as the ! "Flerchinger Eqn". Improved handling of solution in the limit of ! freezing point temperature T0. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INPUT: ! TKELV.........Temperature (Kelvin) ! SMC...........Total soil moisture content (volumetric) ! SH2O..........Liquid soil moisture content (volumetric) ! SMCMAX........Saturation soil moisture content (from REDPRM) ! B.............Soil type "B" parameter (from REDPRM) ! PSIS..........Saturated soil matric potential (from REDPRM) ! OUTPUT: ! FRH2O.........supercooled liquid water content. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REAL :: B REAL :: BLIM REAL :: BX REAL :: CK REAL :: DENOM REAL :: DF REAL :: DH2O REAL :: DICE REAL :: DSWL REAL :: ERROR REAL :: FK REAL :: FRH2O REAL :: GS REAL :: HLICE REAL :: PSIS REAL :: SH2O REAL :: SMC REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SWL REAL :: SWLK REAL :: TKELV REAL :: T0 INTEGER :: NLOG INTEGER :: KCOUNT PARAMETER (CK=8.0) ! PARAMETER (CK=0.0) PARAMETER (BLIM=5.5) ! PARAMETER (BLIM=7.0) PARAMETER (ERROR=0.005) PARAMETER (HLICE=3.335E5) PARAMETER (GS = 9.81) PARAMETER (DICE=920.0) PARAMETER (DH2O=1000.0) PARAMETER (T0=273.15) ! ### LIMITS ON PARAMETER B: B < 5.5 (use parameter BLIM) #### ! ### SIMULATIONS SHOWED IF B > 5.5 UNFROZEN WATER CONTENT #### ! ### IS NON-REALISTICALLY HIGH AT VERY LOW TEMPERATURES #### !################################################################## BX = B IF ( B > BLIM ) BX = BLIM !------------------------------------------------------------------ ! INITIALIZING ITERATIONS COUNTER AND ITERATIVE SOLUTION FLAG. NLOG=0 KCOUNT=0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! IF TEMPERATURE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY BELOW FREEZING (T0), SH2O = SMC ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF (TKELV > (T0 - 1.E-3)) THEN FRH2O=SMC ELSE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF (CK /= 0.0) THEN ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CCCCCCC OPTION 1: ITERATED SOLUTION FOR NONZERO CK CCCCCCCCCCC ! CCCCCCCCCC IN KOREN ET AL, JGR, 1999, EQN 17 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIAL GUESS FOR SWL (frozen content) SWL = SMC-SH2O ! KEEP WITHIN BOUNDS. IF(SWL > (SMC-0.02)) THEN ! BEK SWL=SMC-0.02 SWL=MAX(0.,SMC-0.02) ENDIF ! BEK IF(SWL .LT. 0.) THEN ! BEK SWL=0. ! BEK ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! START OF ITERATIONS ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO WHILE (NLOG < 10 .AND. KCOUNT == 0) NLOG = NLOG+1 DF = ALOG(( PSIS*GS/HLICE ) * ( ( 1.+CK*SWL )**2. ) * & ( SMCMAX/(SMC-SWL) )**BX) - ALOG(-(TKELV-T0)/TKELV) DENOM = 2. * CK / ( 1.+CK*SWL ) + BX / ( SMC - SWL ) SWLK = SWL - DF/DENOM DSWL=ABS(SWLK-SWL) SWL=SWLK ! KEEP WITHIN BOUNDS. IF(SWL > (SMC-0.02)) THEN ! BEK SWL=SMC-0.02 SWL=MAX(0.,SMC-0.02) ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C IF MORE THAN 10 ITERATIONS, USE EXPLICIT METHOD (CK=0 APPROX.) !C WHEN DSWL LESS OR EQ. ERROR, NO MORE ITERATIONS REQUIRED. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF ( DSWL <= ERROR ) THEN KCOUNT=KCOUNT+1 END IF END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! END OF ITERATIONS ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! LOWER BOUND FOR SWL (ICE CONTENT) ! BEK IF(SWL .LT. 0.) THEN ! BEK SWL=0. ! BEK ENDIF ! UPPER BOUND FOR SWL ALREADY APPLIED WITHIN DO-BLOCK FRH2O = SMC - SWL ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC END OPTION 1 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ENDIF IF (KCOUNT == 0) THEN Print*,'Flerchinger used. Iterations=',NLOG ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CCC OPTION 2: EXPLICIT SOLUTION FOR FLERCHINGER EQ. i.e. CK=0 CCCCCCCC ! CCCCCCCCCCC IN KOREN ET AL., JGR, 1999, EQN 17 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FK=(((HLICE/(GS*(-PSIS)))*((TKELV-T0)/TKELV))**(-1/BX))*SMCMAX IF (FK < 0.02) FK = 0.02 FRH2O = MIN ( FK, SMC ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC END OPTION 2 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ENDIF ENDIF RETURN END FUNCTION FRH2O SUBROUTINE HRT ( RHSTS,STC,SMC,SMCMAX,NSOIL,ZSOIL,YY,ZZ1, & TBOT, ZBOT, PSISAT, SH2O, DT, B, & F1, DF1, QUARTZ, CSOIL) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE TIME TENDENCY !C ======= TERM OF THE SOIL THERMAL DIFFUSION EQUATION. ALSO TO !C COMPUTE ( PREPARE ) THE MATRIX COEFFICIENTS FOR THE !C TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX OF THE IMPLICIT TIME SCHEME. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: I INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NSOIL ! DECLARE WORK ARRAYS NEEDED IN TRI-DIAGONAL IMPLICIT SOLVER REAL :: AI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: BI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CI ( NSOLD ) ! DECLARE SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITIES REAL :: CAIR REAL :: CH2O REAL :: CICE REAL :: CSOIL REAL :: DDZ REAL :: DDZ2 REAL :: DENOM REAL :: DF1 REAL :: DF1N REAL :: DF1K REAL :: DTSDZ REAL :: DTSDZ2 REAL :: F1 REAL :: HCPCT REAL :: QUARTZ REAL :: QTOT REAL :: RHSTS ( NSOIL ) REAL :: S REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2O ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: STC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: TBOT REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: YY REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) REAL :: ZZ1 REAL :: T0, TSURF, PSISAT, DT, B, SICE, TBK, TSNSR, TBK1 REAL :: SNKSRC COMMON /ABCI/ AI, BI, CI PARAMETER ( T0 = 273.15 ) ! SET SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITIES OF AIR, WATER, ICE, SOIL MINERAL PARAMETER ( CAIR =1004.0 ) PARAMETER ( CH2O = 4.2E6 ) PARAMETER ( CICE = 2.106E6 ) !.....PARAMETER ( CSOIL=1.26E6 ) !..... ! NOTE: CSOIL NOW SET IN ROUTINE REDPRM AND PASSED IN !+++++++++++++ BEGIN SECTION FOR TOP SOIL LAYER +++++++++++++++++++++ ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE HEAT CAPACITY OF THE TOP SOIL LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HCPCT = SH2O(1)*CH2O + (1.0-SMCMAX)*CSOIL + (SMCMAX-SMC(1))*CAIR & + ( SMC(1) - SH2O(1) )*CICE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE MATRIX COEFFICIENTS AI, BI, AND CI FOR THE TOP LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ = 1.0 / ( -0.5 * ZSOIL(2) ) AI(1) = 0.0 CI(1) = ( DF1 * DDZ ) / ( ZSOIL(1) * HCPCT ) BI(1) = -CI(1) + DF1 / ( 0.5 * ZSOIL(1) * ZSOIL(1)*HCPCT*ZZ1) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE VERTICAL SOIL TEMP GRADIENT BTWN THE 1ST AND 2ND SOIL ! LAYERS. THEN CALCULATE THE SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX. USE THE TEMP ! GRADIENT AND SUBSFC HEAT FLUX TO CALC "RIGHT-HAND SIDE TENDENCY ! TERMS", OR "RHSTS", FOR TOP SOIL LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DTSDZ = ( STC(1) - STC(2) ) / ( -0.5 * ZSOIL(2) ) S = DF1 * ( STC(1) - YY ) / ( 0.5 * ZSOIL(1) * ZZ1 ) RHSTS(1) = ( DF1 * DTSDZ - S ) / ( ZSOIL(1) * HCPCT ) ! NEXT, SET TEMP "TSURF" AT TOP OF SOIL COLUMN (FOR USE IN FREEZING ! SOIL PHYSICS LATER IN FUNCTION SUBROUTINE SNKSRC). IF SNOWPACK ! CONTENT IS ZERO, THEN EXPRESSION BELOW GIVES TSURF = SKIN TEMP. ! IF SNOWPACK IS NONZERO (HENCE ARGUMENT ZZ1=1), THEN EXPRESSION ! BELOW YIELDS SOIL COLUMN TOP TEMPERATURE UNDER SNOWPACK. TSURF = ( YY + ( ZZ1 - 1 ) * STC(1) ) / ZZ1 ! NEXT CAPTURE THE VERTICAL DIFFERENCE OF THE HEAT FLUX AT TOP ! AND BOTTOM OF FIRST SOIL LAYER FOR USE IN HEAT FLUX CONSTRAINT ! APPLIED TO POTENTIAL SOIL FREEZING/THAWING IN ROUTINE SNKSRC QTOT = S - DF1*DTSDZ ! CALCULATE TEMPERATURE AT BOTTOM INTERFACE OF 1ST SOIL LAYER ! FOR USE LATER IN FCN SUBROUTINE SNKSRC CALL TBND ( STC(1), STC(2), ZSOIL, ZBOT, 1, NSOIL,TBK) ! CALCULATE FROZEN WATER CONTENT IN 1ST SOIL LAYER. SICE = SMC(1) - SH2O(1) ! IF FROZEN WATER PRESENT OR ANY OF LAYER-1 MID-POINT OR BOUNDING ! INTERFACE TEMPERATURES BELOW FREEZING, THEN CALL SNKSRC TO ! COMPUTE HEAT SOURCE/SINK (AND CHANGE IN FROZEN WATER CONTENT) ! DUE TO POSSIBLE SOIL WATER PHASE CHANGE IF ( (SICE > 0.) .OR. (TSURF < T0) .OR. & (STC(1) < T0) .OR. (TBK < T0) ) THEN TSNSR = SNKSRC ( TSURF, STC(1),TBK, SMC(1), SH2O(1), & ZSOIL, NSOIL, SMCMAX, PSISAT, B, DT, 1, QTOT ) RHSTS(1) = RHSTS(1) - TSNSR / ( ZSOIL(1) * HCPCT ) ENDIF ! ++++++++++++++ THIS ENDS SECTION FOR TOP SOIL LAYER ++++++++++++++ ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIALIZE DDZ2 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ2 = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! LOOP THRU THE REMAINING SOIL LAYERS, REPEATING THE ABOVE PROCESS ! EXCEPT SUBSFC OR "GROUND" HEAT FLUX NOT REPEATED IN LOWER LAYERS) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DF1K = DF1 DO K = 2, NSOIL ! CALC THIS SOIL LAYERS HEAT CAPACITY HCPCT = SH2O(K)*CH2O +(1.0-SMCMAX)*CSOIL +(SMCMAX-SMC(K))*CAIR & + ( SMC(K) - SH2O(K) )*CICE IF ( K /= NSOIL ) THEN !+++++++ THIS SECTION FOR LAYER 2 OR GREATER, BUT NOT LAST LAYER +++++ ! CALCULATE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY FOR THIS LAYER CALL TDFCND ( DF1N, SMC(K),QUARTZ,SMCMAX,SH2O(K)) ! CALC THE VERTICAL SOIL TEMP GRADIENT THRU THIS LAYER DENOM = 0.5 * ( ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K+1) ) DTSDZ2 = ( STC(K) - STC(K+1) ) / DENOM ! CALC THE MATRIX COEF, CI, AFTER CALCNG ITS PARTIAL PRODUCT DDZ2 = 2. / (ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K+1)) CI(K) = -DF1N * DDZ2 / ((ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K)) * HCPCT) ! CALCULATE TEMP AT BOTTOM OF LAYER CALL TBND ( STC(K),STC(K+1),ZSOIL,ZBOT,K,NSOIL,TBK1 ) ELSE !+++++++++++++ SPECIAL CASE OF BOTTOM SOIL LAYER +++++++++++++++++++++ ! CALCULATE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY FOR THIS LAYER CALL TDFCND ( DF1N, SMC(K),QUARTZ,SMCMAX,SH2O(K)) ! CALC THE VERTICAL SOIL TEMP GRADIENT THRU THIS LAYER DENOM = .5 * (ZSOIL(K-1) + ZSOIL(K)) - ZBOT DTSDZ2 = (STC(K)-TBOT) / DENOM !....SET MATRIX COEF, CI TO ZERO IF BOTTOM LAYER CI(K) = 0. ! CALCULATE TEMP AT BOTTOM OF LAST LAYER CALL TBND ( STC(K), TBOT, ZSOIL, ZBOT, K, NSOIL,TBK1 ) END IF !+++++++++++++ THIS ENDS SPECIAL CODE FOR BOTTOM LAYER +++++++++ ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC RHSTS FOR THIS LAYER AFTER CALCNG A PARTIAL PRODUCT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DENOM = ( ZSOIL(K) - ZSOIL(K-1) ) * HCPCT RHSTS(K) = ( DF1N * DTSDZ2 - DF1K * DTSDZ ) / DENOM QTOT = -1.0*DENOM*RHSTS(K) SICE = SMC(K) - SH2O(K) IF ( (SICE > 0.) .OR. (TBK < T0) .OR. & (STC(K) < T0) .OR. (TBK1 < T0) ) THEN TSNSR = SNKSRC ( TBK, STC(K),TBK1, SMC(K), SH2O(K), & ZSOIL, NSOIL, SMCMAX, PSISAT, B, DT, K, QTOT) RHSTS(K) = RHSTS(K) - TSNSR / DENOM ENDIF ! ------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC MATRIX COEFS, AI, AND BI FOR THIS LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC AI(K) = - DF1 * DDZ / ((ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K)) * HCPCT) BI(K) = -(AI(K) + CI(K)) ! RESET VALUES OF DF1, DTSDZ, DDZ, AND TBK FOR LOOP TO NEXT SOIL LYR TBK = TBK1 DF1K = DF1N DTSDZ = DTSDZ2 DDZ = DDZ2 END DO RETURN END SUBROUTINE HRT SUBROUTINE HRTICE (RHSTS,STC,NSOIL,ZSOIL,YY,ZZ1,DF1) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE TIME TENDENCY !C ======= TERM OF THE SOIL THERMAL DIFFUSION EQUATION IN THE CASE !C OF SEA-ICE PACK. ALSO TO COMPUTE ( PREPARE ) THE !C MATRIX COEFFICIENTS FOR THE TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX OF !C THE IMPLICIT TIME SCHEME. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: AI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: BI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: DDZ REAL :: DDZ2 REAL :: DENOM REAL :: DF1 REAL :: DTSDZ REAL :: DTSDZ2 REAL :: HCPCT REAL :: RHSTS ( NSOIL ) REAL :: S REAL :: STC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: TBOT REAL :: YY REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) REAL :: ZZ1 COMMON /ABCI/ AI, BI, CI ! THE INPUT ARGUMENT DF1 A UNIVERSALLY CONSTANT VALUE OF ! SEA-ICE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY, SET IN ROUTINE SNOPAC AS ! DF1 = 2.2 ! SET LOWER BOUNDARY DEPTH AND BOUNDARY TEMPERATURE OF ! UNFROZEN SEA WATER AT BOTTOM OF SEA ICE PACK. ASSUME ! ICE PACK IS OF NSOIL LAYERS SPANNING A UNIFORM CONSTANT ! ICE PACK THICKNESS AS DEFINED IN ROUTINE SFLX ZBOT = ZSOIL(NSOIL) TBOT = 271.16 ! SET A NOMINAL UNIVERSAL VALUE OF THE SEA-ICE SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY HCPCT=1880.0*917.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE MATRIX COEFFICIENTS AI, BI, AND CI FOR THE TOP LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ = 1.0 / ( -0.5 * ZSOIL(2) ) AI(1) = 0.0 CI(1) = ( DF1 * DDZ ) / ( ZSOIL(1) * HCPCT ) BI(1) = -CI(1) + DF1/( 0.5 * ZSOIL(1) * ZSOIL(1) * HCPCT * ZZ1) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE VERTICAL SOIL TEMP GRADIENT BTWN THE TOP AND 2ND SOIL ! LAYERS. RECALC/ADJUST THE SOIL HEAT FLUX. USE THE GRADIENT ! AND FLUX TO CALC RHSTS FOR THE TOP SOIL LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DTSDZ = ( STC(1) - STC(2) ) / ( -0.5 * ZSOIL(2) ) S = DF1 * ( STC(1) - YY ) / ( 0.5 * ZSOIL(1) * ZZ1 ) RHSTS(1) = ( DF1 * DTSDZ - S ) / ( ZSOIL(1) * HCPCT ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIALIZE DDZ2 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ2 = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! LOOP THRU THE REMAINING SOIL LAYERS, REPEATING THE ABOVE PROCESS ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 2, NSOIL IF ( K /= NSOIL ) THEN ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE VERTICAL SOIL TEMP GRADIENT THRU THIS LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DENOM = 0.5 * ( ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K+1) ) DTSDZ2 = ( STC(K) - STC(K+1) ) / DENOM ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE MATRIX COEF, CI, AFTER CALCNG ITS PARTIAL PRODUCT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ2 = 2. / (ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K+1)) CI(K) = -DF1 * DDZ2 / ((ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K)) * HCPCT) ELSE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE VERTICAL SOIL TEMP GRADIENT THRU THE LOWEST LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DTSDZ2 = (STC(K)-TBOT)/(.5 * (ZSOIL(K-1) + ZSOIL(K))-ZBOT) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SET MATRIX COEF, CI TO ZERO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CI(K) = 0. END IF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC RHSTS FOR THIS LAYER AFTER CALCNG A PARTIAL PRODUCT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DENOM = ( ZSOIL(K) - ZSOIL(K-1) ) * HCPCT RHSTS(K) = ( DF1 * DTSDZ2 - DF1 * DTSDZ ) / DENOM ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC MATRIX COEFS, AI, AND BI FOR THIS LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC AI(K) = - DF1 * DDZ / ((ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K)) * HCPCT) BI(K) = -(AI(K) + CI(K)) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! RESET VALUES OF DTSDZ AND DDZ FOR LOOP TO NEXT SOIL LYR ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DTSDZ = DTSDZ2 DDZ = DDZ2 END DO RETURN END SUBROUTINE HRTICE SUBROUTINE HSTEP ( STCOUT, STCIN, RHSTS, DT, NSOIL ) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE/UPDATE THE SOIL TEMPERATURE FIELD. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: AI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: BI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CIin ( NSOLD ) REAL :: DT REAL :: RHSTS ( NSOIL ) REAL :: RHSTSin ( NSOIL ) REAL :: STCOUT ( NSOIL ) REAL :: STCIN ( NSOIL ) COMMON /ABCI/ AI, BI, CI ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CREATE FINITE DIFFERENCE VALUES FOR USE IN ROSR12 ROUTINE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 1 , NSOIL RHSTS(K) = RHSTS(K) * DT AI(K) = AI(K) * DT BI(K) = 1. + BI(K) * DT CI(K) = CI(K) * DT END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! COPY VALUES FOR INPUT VARIABLES BEFORE CALL TO ROSR12 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 1 , NSOIL RHSTSin(K) = RHSTS(K) END DO DO K = 1 , NSOLD CIin(K) = CI(K) END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SOLVE THE TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX EQUATION ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CALL ROSR12 ( CI,AI,BI,CIin,RHSTSin,RHSTS,NSOIL ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC/UPDATE THE SOIL TEMPS USING MATRIX SOLUTION ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 1 , NSOIL STCOUT(K) = STCIN(K) + CI(K) END DO RETURN END SUBROUTINE HSTEP SUBROUTINE NOPAC ( ETP, ETA, PRCP, SMC, SMCMAX, SMCWLT, & SMCREF,SMCDRY,CMC,CMCMAX, NSOIL, DT, SHDFAC, & SBETA, & Q1, Q2, T1, SFCTMP, T24, TH2, F, F1, S, STC, & EPSCA, B, PC, RCH, RR, CFACTR, & SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZFACT, PSISAT, ZSOIL, & DKSAT, DWSAT, TBOT, ZBOT, RUNOFF1, RUNOFF2, & RUNOFF3, EDIR1, EC1, ETT1, NROOT, ICE,RTDIS, & QUARTZ, FXEXP,CSOIL) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE SOIL MOISTURE AND HEAT FLUX VALUES AND UPDATE !C ======= SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT AND SOIL HEAT CONTENT VALUES FOR !C THE CASE WHEN NO SNOW PACK IS PRESENT. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: ICE INTEGER :: NROOT INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: B REAL :: BETA REAL :: CFACTR REAL :: CMC REAL :: CMCMAX REAL :: CP REAL :: CSOIL REAL :: DEW REAL :: DF1 REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DRIP REAL :: DT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: EC REAL :: EDIR REAL :: EPSCA REAL :: ETA REAL :: ETA1 REAL :: ETP REAL :: ETP1 REAL :: ETT REAL :: F REAL :: F1 REAL :: FXEXP REAL :: FLX1 REAL :: FLX2 REAL :: FLX3 REAL :: KDT REAL :: PC REAL :: PRCP REAL :: PRCP1 REAL :: Q2 REAL :: RCH REAL :: RIB REAL :: RR REAL :: RTDIS (NSOIL) REAL :: RUNOFF,RUNOXX3 REAL :: S REAL :: SBETA REAL :: SFCTMP REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: SIGMA REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2O ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMCDRY REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: STC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: T1 REAL :: T24 REAL :: TBOT REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: TH2 REAL :: YY REAL :: YYNUM REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) REAL :: ZZ1 REAL :: Q1, SLOPE, FRZFACT, PSISAT, RUNOFF1, RUNOFF2, RUNOFF3 REAL :: EDIR1, EC1, ETT1, QUARTZ COMMON/RITE/ BETA,DRIP,EC,EDIR,ETT,FLX1,FLX2,FLX3,RUNOFF, & DEW,RIB,RUNOXX3 PARAMETER(CP=1004.5, SIGMA=5.67E-8) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! EXECUTABLE CODE BEGINS HERE..... ! CONVERT ETP FROM KG M-2 S-1 TO MS-1 AND INITIALIZE DEW. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PRCP1 = PRCP * 0.001 ETP1 = ETP * 0.001 DEW = 0.0 IF ( ETP > 0.0 ) THEN ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CONVERT PRCP FROM KG M-2 S-1 TO M S-1 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CALL SMFLX ( ETA1,SMC,NSOIL,CMC,ETP1,DT,PRCP1,ZSOIL, & SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZFACT, & SMCMAX,B,PC,SMCWLT,DKSAT,DWSAT,SMCREF,SHDFAC, & CMCMAX,SMCDRY,CFACTR, RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2, RUNOFF3, & EDIR1, EC1, ETT1, SFCTMP,Q2,NROOT,RTDIS, FXEXP) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CONVERT MODELED EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FM M S-1 TO KG M-2 S-1 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ETA = ETA1 * 1000.0 ELSE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! IF ETP < 0, ASSUME DEW FORMS (TRANSFORM ETP1 INTO DEW ! AND REINITIALIZE ETP1 TO ZERO) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DEW = -ETP1 ETP1 = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CONVERT PRCP FROM KG M-2 S-1 TO M S-1 AND ADD DEW AMT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PRCP1 = PRCP1 + DEW CALL SMFLX ( ETA1,SMC,NSOIL,CMC,ETP1,DT,PRCP1,ZSOIL, & SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZFACT, & SMCMAX,B,PC,SMCWLT,DKSAT,DWSAT,SMCREF,SHDFAC, & CMCMAX,SMCDRY,CFACTR, RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2, RUNOFF3, & EDIR1, EC1, ETT1, SFCTMP, Q2, NROOT,RTDIS, FXEXP) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CONVERT MODELED EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FM M S-1 TO KG M-2 S-1 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ETA = ETA1 * 1000.0 ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! BASED ON ETP AND E VALUES, DETERMINE BETA ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF ( ETP <= 0.0 ) THEN BETA = 0.0 IF ( ETP < 0.0 ) THEN BETA = 1.0 ETA = ETP ENDIF ELSE BETA = ETA / ETP ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! GET SOIL THERMAL DIFFUXIVITY/CONDUCTIVITY FOR TOP SOIL LYR, ! CALC. ADJUSTED TOP LYR SOIL TEMP AND ADJUSTED SOIL FLUX, THEN ! CALL SHFLX TO COMPUTE/UPDATE SOIL HEAT FLUX AND SOIL TEMPS. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CALL TDFCND ( DF1, SMC(1),QUARTZ,SMCMAX,SH2O(1) ) ! VEGETATION GREENNESS FRACTION REDUCTION IN SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX ! VIA REDUCTION FACTOR, WHICH IS CONVENIENT TO APPLY HERE TO THERMAL ! DIFFUSIVITY THAT IS LATER USED IN HRT TO COMPUTE SUB SFC HEAT FLUX ! (SEE ADDITIONAL COMMENTS ON VEG EFFECT SUB-SFC HEAT FLX IN ! ROUTINE SFLX) DF1 = DF1 * EXP(SBETA*SHDFAC) ! COMPUTE INTERMEDIATE TERMS PASSED TO ROUTINE HRT (VIA ROUTINE ! SHFLX BELOW) FOR USE IN COMPUTING SUBSURFACE HEAT FLUX IN HRT YYNUM = F - SIGMA * T24 YY = SFCTMP + (YYNUM/RCH+TH2-SFCTMP-BETA*EPSCA) / RR ZZ1 = DF1 / ( -0.5 * ZSOIL(1) * RCH * RR ) + 1.0 CALL SHFLX ( S,STC,SMC,SMCMAX,NSOIL,T1,DT,YY,ZZ1,ZSOIL,TBOT, & ZBOT, SMCWLT, PSISAT, SH2O, & B,F1,DF1, ICE, & QUARTZ,CSOIL) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SET FLX1, AND FLX3 TO ZERO SINCE THEY ARE NOT USED. FLX2 ! WAS SIMILARLY INITIALIZED IN THE PENMAN ROUTINE. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FLX1 = 0.0 FLX3 = 0.0 RETURN END SUBROUTINE NOPAC SUBROUTINE PENMAN(SFCTMP,SFCPRS,CH,T2V,TH2,PRCP,F,T24,S,Q2, & Q2SAT,ETP,RCH,EPSCA,RR,SNOWNG,FRZGRA,DQSDT2) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE POTENTIAL EVAPORATION FOR THE CURRENT POINT. !C ======= VARIOUS PARTIAL SUMS/PRODUCTS ARE ALSO CALCULATED AND !C PASSED BACK TO THE CALLING ROUTINE FOR LATER USE. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LOGICAL :: SNOWNG LOGICAL :: FRZGRA REAL :: A REAL :: BETA REAL :: CH REAL :: CP REAL :: CPH2O REAL :: CPICE REAL :: DELTA REAL :: DEW REAL :: DRIP REAL :: EC REAL :: EDIR REAL :: ELCP REAL :: EPSCA REAL :: ETP REAL :: ETT REAL :: F REAL :: FLX1 REAL :: FLX2 REAL :: FLX3 REAL :: FNET REAL :: LSUBC REAL :: LSUBF REAL :: PRCP REAL :: Q2 REAL :: Q2SAT REAL :: R REAL :: RAD REAL :: RCH REAL :: RHO REAL :: RIB REAL :: RR REAL :: RUNOFF,RUNOXX3 REAL :: S REAL :: SFCPRS REAL :: SFCTMP REAL :: SIGMA REAL :: T24 REAL :: T2V REAL :: TH2 REAL :: DQSDT2 COMMON/RITE/ BETA,DRIP,EC,EDIR,ETT,FLX1,FLX2,FLX3,RUNOFF, & DEW,RIB,RUNOXX3 PARAMETER(CP=1004.6,CPH2O=4.218E+3,CPICE=2.106E+3,R=287.04, & ELCP=2.4888E+3,LSUBF=3.335E+5,LSUBC=2.501000E+6,SIGMA=5.67E-8) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! EXECUTABLE CODE BEGINS HERE... ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FLX2 = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! PREPARE PARTIAL QUANTITIES FOR PENMAN EQUATION. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DELTA = ELCP * DQSDT2 T24 = SFCTMP * SFCTMP * SFCTMP * SFCTMP RR = T24 * 6.48E-8 / ( SFCPRS * CH ) + 1.0 RHO = SFCPRS / ( R * T2V ) RCH = RHO * CP * CH ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ADJUST THE PARTIAL SUMS / PRODUCTS WITH THE LATENT HEAT ! EFFECTS CAUSED BY FALLING PRECIPITATION. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF ( .NOT. SNOWNG ) THEN IF ( PRCP > 0.0 ) RR = RR + CPH2O * PRCP / RCH ELSE RR = RR + CPICE * PRCP / RCH ENDIF FNET = F - SIGMA * T24 - S ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INCLUDE THE LATENT HEAT EFFECTS OF FRZNG RAIN CONVERTING TO ! ICE ON IMPACT IN THE CALCULATION OF FLX2 AND FNET. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF ( FRZGRA ) THEN FLX2 = -LSUBF * PRCP FNET = FNET - FLX2 ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! FINISH PENMAN EQUATION CALCULATIONS. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RAD = FNET / RCH + TH2 - SFCTMP A = ELCP * ( Q2SAT - Q2 ) EPSCA = ( A * RR + RAD * DELTA ) / ( DELTA + RR ) ETP = EPSCA * RCH / LSUBC RETURN END SUBROUTINE PENMAN SUBROUTINE REDPRM(VEGTYP, SOILTYP, SLOPETYP, & CFACTR, CMCMAX, RSMAX, TOPT, REFKDT, KDT, SBETA, & SHDFAC, RCMIN, RGL, HS, ZBOT, FRZX, PSISAT, SLOPE, & SNUP, SALP, B, DKSAT, DWSAT, SMCMAX, SMCWLT, SMCREF, & SMCDRY, F1, QUARTZ, FXEXP, RTDIS, SLDPTH, ZSOIL, & NROOT, NSOIL, Z0, CZIL, LAI, CSOIL, PTU) IMPLICIT NONE ! JLG ! INCLUDE the common block which define the number of soil types INCLUDE "COMM_NSOILTYPE.f90" ! LG ! This subroutine internally sets (defaults), or optionally reads-in ! via namelist I/O, all the soil and vegetation parameters ! required for the execusion of the NOAH - LSM ! optional non-default parameters can be read in, accommodating up ! to 30 soil, veg, or slope classes, if the default max number of ! soil, veg, and/or slope types is reset. ! future upgrades of routine REDPRM must expand to incorporate some ! of the empirical parameters of the frozen soil and snowpack physics ! (such as in routines FRH2O, SNOWPACK, and SNOW_NEW) not yet set in ! this REDPRM routine, but rather set in lower level subroutines ! Set maximum number of soil-, veg-, and slopetyp in data statement INTEGER :: MAX_SOILTYP INTEGER :: MAX_VEGTYP INTEGER :: MAX_SLOPETYP PARAMETER (MAX_SOILTYP = 30) PARAMETER (MAX_VEGTYP = 30) PARAMETER (MAX_SLOPETYP = 30) ! Number of defined soil-, veg-, and slopetyps used INTEGER :: DEFINED_VEG INTEGER :: DEFINED_SOIL INTEGER :: DEFINED_SLOPE INTEGER :: NSOTYP ! ANIEL:DEFINED SOIL DOYLE INTEGER :: DEFINED_SOILD ! ANIEL DEFINED SOIL ZOGBLER INTEGER :: DEFINED_SOILZ ! ROL INTEGER :: DEFINED_SOILG DATA DEFINED_VEG/14/ ! ANIEL DATA DEFINED_SOILD/18/ DATA DEFINED_SOILZ/9/ ! ROL DATA DEFINED_SOILG/15/ ! ANIEL ! DATA DEFINED_SOIL/9/ DATA DEFINED_SLOPE/9/ ! SET-UP SOIL PARAMETERS FOR GIVEN SOIL TYPE ! INPUT: SOLTYP: SOIL TYPE (INTEGER INDEX) ! OUTPUT: SOIL PARAMETERS: ! MAXSMC: MAX SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT (POROSITY) ! REFSMC: REFERENCE SOIL MOISTURE (ONSET OF SOIL MOISTURE ! STRESS IN TRANSPIRATION) ! WLTSMC: WILTING PT SOIL MOISTURE CONTENTS ! DRYSMC: AIR DRY SOIL MOIST CONTENT LIMITS ! SATPSI: SATURATED SOIL POTENTIAL ! SATDK: SATURATED SOIL HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ! BB: THE 'B' PARAMETER ! SATDW: SATURATED SOIL DIFFUSIVITY ! F11: USED TO COMPUTE SOIL DIFFUSIVITY/CONDUCTIVITY ! QUARTZ: SOIL QUARTZ CONTENT ! SOIL TYPES ZOBLER (1986) COSBY ET AL (1984) (quartz cont.(1)) ! 1 COARSE LOAMY SAND (0.82) ! 2 MEDIUM SILTY CLAY LOAM (0.10) ! 3 FINE LIGHT CLAY (0.25) ! 4 COARSE-MEDIUM SANDY LOAM (0.60) ! 5 COARSE-FINE SANDY CLAY (0.52) ! 6 MEDIUM-FINE CLAY LOAM (0.35) ! 7 COARSE-MED-FINE SANDY CLAY LOAM (0.60) ! 8 ORGANIC LOAM (0.40) ! 9 GLACIAL LAND ICE LOAMY SAND (NA using 0.82) REAL :: BB(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: DRYSMC(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: F11(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: MAXSMC(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: REFSMC(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATPSI(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDK(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDW(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: WLTSMC(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: QTZ(MAX_SOILTYP) ! ANIEL: PARAMETROS DOYLE REAL :: BBD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: DRYSMCD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: F11D(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: MAXSMCD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: REFSMCD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATPSID(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDKD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDWD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: WLTSMCD(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: QTZD(MAX_SOILTYP) ! ANIEL: PARAMETROS ZOGBLER REAL :: BBZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: DRYSMCZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: F11Z(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: MAXSMCZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: REFSMCZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATPSIZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDKZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDWZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: WLTSMCZ(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: QTZZ(MAX_SOILTYP) ! ANIEL ! ROL - PARAMETROS DO MAPA DE SOLO GLOBAL REAL :: BBG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: DRYSMCG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: F11G(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: MAXSMCG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: REFSMCG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATPSIG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDKG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: SATDWG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: WLTSMCG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: QTZG(MAX_SOILTYP) REAL :: B REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCDRY REAL :: PTU REAL :: F1 REAL :: QUARTZ REAL :: REFSMC1 REAL :: WLTSMC1 ! DATA MAXSMC/0.421, 0.464, 0.468, 0.434, 0.406, 0.465, ! & 0.404, 0.439, 0.421, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ ! DATA SATPSI/0.04, 0.62, 0.47, 0.14, 0.10, 0.26, ! & 0.14, 0.36, 0.04, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! DATA SATDK /1.41E-5, 0.20E-5, 0.10E-5, 0.52E-5, 0.72E-5, ! & 0.25E-5, 0.45E-5, 0.34E-5, 1.41E-5, 0.00, ! & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, ! & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, ! & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, ! & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ ! DATA BB /4.26, 8.72, 11.55, 4.74, 10.73, 8.17, ! & 6.77, 5.25, 4.26, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! DATA QTZ /0.82, 0.10, 0.25, 0.60, 0.52, 0.35, ! & 0.60, 0.40, 0.82, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! DANIEL:DOYLE ! THE M. EK PARAMETERS WAS CHANGED FOR THE MOIRA'S ONES ! (doyle@cima.fcen.uba.ar ! RELATED TO THE 0.25X0.25 SOIL TYPE DATA MAXSMCD/0.240, 0.354, 0.514, 0.402, 0.477, 0.564, & & 0.440, 0.566, 0.631, 0.443, 0.517, 0.566, & & 0.478, 0.562, 0.675, 0.505, 0.534, 0.580, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA SATPSID/0.265, 0.103, 0.252, 0.106, 0.088, 0.052, & & 0.109, 0.042, 0.018, 0.424, 0.400, 0.220, & & 0.601, 0.500, 0.132, 0.929, 1.294, 0.850, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA SATDKD /1.47E-6, 1.23E-6, 6.72E-6, 1.15E-5, 7.57E-6, & & 4.87E-6, 4.46E-5, 9.57E-6, 7.40E-6, 4.80E-5, & & 1.61E-5, 7.31E-6, 6.73E-5, 2.30E-5, 4.85E-5, & & 3.08E-5, 6.03E-5, 3.30E-5, 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA BBD /2.02, 2.78, 3.03, 2.25, 2.62, 3.02, & & 1.97, 2.53, 2.98, 2.13, 2.44, 2.90, & & 2.01, 2.42, 2.97, 2.81, 1.83, 2.29, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA QTZD /0.60, 0.25, 0.25, 0.60, 0.45, & & 0.25, 0.82, 0.25, 0.25, 0.60, & & 0.35, 0.25, 0.60, 0.10, 0.10, & & 0.10, 0.25, 0.10, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! DANIEL:PARAMETROS ORIGINAL ZOGBLER DATA MAXSMCZ/0.421, 0.464, 0.468, 0.434, 0.406, 0.465, & & 0.404, 0.439, 0.421, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA SATPSIZ/0.04, 0.62, 0.47, 0.14, 0.10, 0.26, & & 0.14, 0.36, 0.04, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA SATDKZ /1.41E-5, 0.20E-5, 0.10E-5, 0.52E-5, 0.72E-5, & & 0.25E-5, 0.45E-5, 0.34E-5, 1.41E-5, 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA BBZ /4.26, 8.72, 11.55, 4.74, 10.73, 8.17, & & 6.77, 5.25, 4.26, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA QTZZ /0.82, 0.10, 0.25, 0.60, 0.52, 0.35, & & 0.60, 0.40, 0.82, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! ROL:PARAMETROS GLOBAL DATA MAXSMCG/0.339, 0.421, 0.434, 0.476, 0.476, 0.439, & & 0.404, 0.464, 0.465, 0.406, 0.468, 0.468, & & 0.439, 0.200, 0.421, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA SATPSIG/0.069, 0.036, 0.141, 0.759, 0.759, 0.355, & & 0.135, 0.617, 0.263, 0.098, 0.324, 0.468, & & 0.355, 0.069, 0.036, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA SATDKG /1.07E-6, 1.41E-5, 5.23E-6, 2.81E-6, 2.81E-6, & & 3.38E-6, 4.45E-6, 2.04E-6, 2.45E-6, 7.22E-6, & & 1.34E-6, 9.74E-7, 3.38E-6, 1.41E-4, 1.41E-5, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA BBG /2.79, 4.26, 4.74, 5.33, 5.33, 5.25, & & 6.66, 8.72, 8.17, 10.73, 10.39, 11.55, & & 5.25, 2.79, 4.26, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA QTZG /0.92, 0.82, 0.60, 0.25, 0.10, & & 0.40, 0.60, 0.10, 0.35, 0.52, & & 0.10, 0.25, 0.05, 0.07, 0.25, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! THE FOLLOWING 5 PARAMETERS ARE DERIVED LATER IN REDPRM.F FROM THE SOIL ! DATA, AND ARE JUST GIVEN HERE FOR REFERENCE AND TO FORCE STATIC ! STORAGE ALLOCATION. -DAG LOHMANN, FEB. 2001 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! DANIEL: ! THE M. EK PARAMETERS WAS CHANGED FOR THE MOIRA'S ONES ! doyle@cima.fcen.uba.ar ! RELATED TO THE 0.25X0.25 SOIL TYPE DATA REFSMCD/ 0.117, 0.207, 0.389, 0.159, 0.245, & & 0.330, 0.114, 0.237, 0.318, 0.214, & & 0.302, 0.359, 0.227, 0.325, 0.386, & & 0.354, 0.296, 0.357, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA WLTSMCD/ 0.084, 0.163, 0.322, 0.111, 0.188, & & 0.269, 0.070, 0.185, 0.267, 0.121, & & 0.197, 0.263, 0.111, 0.195, 0.275, & & 0.196, 0.117, 0.194, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA DRYSMCD/ 0.084, 0.163, 0.322, 0.111, 0.188, & & 0.269, 0.070, 0.185, 0.267, 0.121, & & 0.197, 0.263, 0.111, 0.195, 0.275, & & 0.196, 0.117, 0.194, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA SATDWD/ 1.48E-06, 1.21E-06, 6.68E-06, 1.16E-05, & & 7.60E-06, 4.90E-06, 3.85E-05, 9.35E-06, & & 7.32E-06, 4.85E-05, 1.61E-05, 7.22E-06, & & 6.77E-05, 2.30E-05, 4.95E-05, 3.06E-05, & & 6.05E-05, 3.28E-05, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA F11D/ -0.209,-0.996, -0.773, -0.174, -0.466, & -0.880, 0.128, -0.448, -1.053, 0.583, & & 0.398,-0.170, 0.907, 0.648, -0.051, & & 0.537, 1.412, 0.977, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ ! DANIEL:PARAMETROS ORIGINAL ZOGBLER ! The following 5 parameters are derived later in REDPRM.f ! from the soil data, and are just given here for reference ! and to force static storage allocation ! Dag Lohmann, Feb. 2001 DATA REFSMCZ/0.283, 0.387, 0.412, 0.312, 0.338, 0.382, & & 0.315, 0.329, 0.283, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA WLTSMCZ/0.029, 0.119, 0.139, 0.047, 0.100, 0.103, & & 0.069, 0.066, 0.029, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA DRYSMCZ/0.029, 0.119, 0.139, 0.047, 0.100, 0.103, & & 0.069, 0.066, 0.029, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA SATDWZ /5.71E-6, 2.33E-5, 1.16E-5, 7.95E-6, 1.90E-5, & & 1.14E-5, 1.06E-5, 1.46E-5, 5.71E-6, 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA F11Z /-0.999, -1.116, -2.137, -0.572, -3.201, -1.302, & -1.519, -0.329, -0.999, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ ! ROL - PARAMETROS DO GLOBAL DATA REFSMCG/ 0.236, 0.383, 0.383, 0.360, 0.383, & & 0.329, 0.314, 0.387, 0.382, 0.338, & & 0.404, 0.412, 0.329, 0.170, 0.283, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA WLTSMCG/ 0.010, 0.028, 0.047, 0.084, 0.084, & & 0.066, 0.067, 0.120, 0.103, 0.100, & & 0.126, 0.138, 0.066, 0.006, 0.028, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA DRYSMCG/ 0.010, 0.028, 0.047, 0.084, 0.084, & & 0.066, 0.067, 0.120, 0.103, 0.100, & & 0.126, 0.138, 0.066, 0.006, 0.028, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA SATDWG/ 0.608E-06, 0.514E-05, 0.805E-05, 0.239E-04, & & 0.239E-04, 0.143E-04, 0.990E-05, 0.237E-04, & & 0.113E-04, 0.187E-04, 0.964E-05, 0.112E-04, & & 0.143E-04, 0.136E-03, 0.514E-05, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , 0.00 , & & 0.00 , 0.00/ DATA F11G/ -0.472,-1.044, -0.569, 0.162, 0.162, & -0.327, -1.491, -1.118, -1.297, -3.209, & -1.916,-2.138, -0.327, -1.111, -1.044, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ !####################################################################### ! SET-UP VEGETATION PARAMETERS FOR A GIVEN VEGETAION TYPE ! INPUT: VEGTYP = VEGETATION TYPE (INTEGER INDEX) ! OUPUT: VEGETATION PARAMETERS ! SHDFAC: VEGETATION GREENNESS FRACTION ! RCMIN: MIMIMUM STOMATAL RESISTANCE ! RGL: PARAMETER USED IN SOLAR RAD TERM OF ! CANOPY RESISTANCE FUNCTION ! HS: PARAMETER USED IN VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT TERM OF ! CANOPY RESISTANCE FUNCTION ! SNUP: THRESHOLD SNOW DEPTH (IN WATER EQUIVALENT M) THAT ! IMPLIES 100% SNOW COVER ! SSIB VEGETATION TYPES (DORMAN AND SELLERS, 1989; JAM) ! 1: BROADLEAF-EVERGREEN TREES (TROPICAL FOREST) ! 2: BROADLEAF-DECIDUOUS TREES ! 3: BROADLEAF AND NEEDLELEAF TREES (MIXED FOREST) ! 4: NEEDLELEAF-EVERGREEN TREES ! 5: NEEDLELEAF-DECIDUOUS TREES (LARCH) ! 6: BROADLEAF TREES WITH GROUNDCOVER (SAVANNA) ! 7: GROUNDCOVER ONLY (PERENNIAL) ! 8: BROADLEAF SHRUBS WITH PERENNIAL GROUNDCOVER ! 9: BROADLEAF SHRUBS WITH BARE SOIL ! 10: DWARF TREES AND SHRUBS WITH GROUNDCOVER (TUNDRA) ! 11: BARE SOIL ! 12: CULTIVATIONS (THE SAME PARAMETERS AS FOR TYPE 7) ! 13: GLACIAL (THE SAME PARAMETERS AS FOR TYPE 11) INTEGER :: NROOT_DATA(MAX_VEGTYP) REAL :: RSMTBL(MAX_VEGTYP) REAL :: RGLTBL(MAX_VEGTYP) REAL :: HSTBL(MAX_VEGTYP) REAL :: SNUPX(MAX_VEGTYP) REAL :: Z0_DATA(MAX_VEGTYP) REAL :: LAI_DATA(MAX_VEGTYP) INTEGER :: NROOT REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: RCMIN REAL :: RGL REAL :: HS REAL :: FRZFACT REAL :: PSISAT REAL :: SNUP REAL :: Z0 REAL :: LAI ! LD ! DATA NROOT_DATA /4,4,4,4,4,4,3,3,3,2,3,3,2,4,0, ! * 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0/ ! DATA RSMTBL /150.0, 100.0, 125.0, 150.0, 100.0, 70.0, ! * 40.0, 300.0, 400.0, 150.0, 400.0, 40.0, ! * 150.0, 50.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ ! DATA RGLTBL /30.0, 30.0, 30.0, 30.0, 30.0, 65.0, ! * 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, ! * 100.0, 30.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ ! DATA HSTBL /41.69, 54.53, 51.93, 47.35, 47.35, 54.53, ! * 36.35, 42.00, 42.00, 42.00, 42.00, 36.35, ! * 42.00, 41.69, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! * 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, ! * 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ ! DATA SNUPX /0.080, 0.080, 0.080, 0.080, 0.080, 0.080, ! * 0.040, 0.040, 0.040, 0.040, 0.025, 0.040, ! * 0.025, 0.080, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! * 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! * 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ ! DATA Z0_DATA /2.653, 0.826, 0.563, 1.089, 0.854, 0.856, ! * 0.035, 0.238, 0.065, 0.076, 0.011, 0.035, ! * 0.011, 2.653, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! * 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, ! * 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ !c DATA LAI_DATA /3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, !c * 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, !c * 3.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, !c * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, !c * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ !c DATA LAI_DATA /4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, !c * 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, !c * 4.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, !c * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, !c * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ ! DATA LAI_DATA /5.01, 2.35, 4.76, 7.34, 1.49, 2.45, ! * 1.64, 0.62, 0.58, 0.72, 0.0001, 0.238, ! * 0.0001, 4.7, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ ! LD ! rol DATA NROOT_DATA /4,4,4,4,4,4,3,3,3,2,3,3,2,1,0, & & 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0/ DATA RSMTBL /150.0, 100.0, 125.0, 150.0, 100.0, 70.0, & & 40.0, 300.0, 400.0, 150.0, 400.0, 40.0, & & 150.0, 200.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ DATA RGLTBL /30.0, 30.0, 30.0, 30.0, 30.0, 65.0, & & 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, & & 100.0, 100.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ DATA HSTBL /41.69, 54.53, 51.93, 47.35, 47.35, 54.53, & & 36.35, 42.00, 42.00, 42.00, 42.00, 36.35, & & 42.00, 42.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, & & 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00/ DATA SNUPX /0.080, 0.080, 0.080, 0.080, 0.080, 0.080, & & 0.040, 0.040, 0.040, 0.040, 0.025, 0.040, & & 0.025, 0.020, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ DATA Z0_DATA /2.653, 0.826, 0.563, 1.089, 0.854, 0.856, & & 0.035, 0.238, 0.065, 0.076, 0.011, 0.035, & & 0.011, 1.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, & & 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000/ ! DATA LAI_DATA /3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, ! * 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.0, ! * 3.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ! * 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ DATA LAI_DATA /4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, & & 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, & & 4.0, 4.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ ! rol !####################################################################### ! CLASS PARAMETER 'SLOPETYP' WAS INCLUDED TO ESTIMATE ! LINEAR RESERVOIR COEFFICIENT 'SLOPE' TO THE BASEFLOW RUNOFF ! OUT OF THE BOTTOM LAYER. LOWEST CLASS (SLOPETYP=0)MEANS ! HIGHEST SLOPE PARAMETER= 1 ! DEFINITION OF SLOPETYP FROM 'ZOBLER' SLOPE TYPE ! SLOPE CLASS PERCENT SLOPE ! 1 0-8 ! 2 8-30 ! 3 > 30 ! 4 0-30 ! 5 0-8 & > 30 ! 6 8-30 & > 30 ! 7 0-8, 8-30, > 30 ! 9 GLACIAL ICE ! BLANK OCEAN/SEA ! NOTE: CLASS 9 FROM 'ZOBLER' FILE SHOULD BE REPLACED BY 8 ! AND 'BLANK' 9 REAL :: SLOPE REAL :: SLOPE_DATA(MAX_SLOPETYP) DATA SLOPE_DATA /0.1, 0.6, 1.0, 0.35, 0.55, 0.8, & & 0.63, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0 , 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0 , 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, & & 0.0 , 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/ !####################################################################### ! Set namelist file name CHARACTER(50) :: NAMELIST_NAME !####################################################################### ! SET UNIVERSAL PARAMETERS (NOT DEPENDENT ON SOIL, VEG, SLOPE TYPE) INTEGER :: VEGTYP INTEGER :: SOILTYP INTEGER :: SLOPETYP INTEGER :: NSOIL INTEGER :: I INTEGER :: BARE DATA BARE /11/ LOGICAL :: LPARAM DATA LPARAM / .TRUE. / LOGICAL :: LFIRST DATA LFIRST / .TRUE. / ! Parameter used to calculate roughness length of heat REAL :: CZIL, CZIL_DATA DATA CZIL_DATA /0.2/ ! Parameter used to caluculate vegetation effect on soil heat flux REAL :: SBETA, SBETA_DATA DATA SBETA_DATA /-2.0/ ! BARE SOIL EVAPORATION EXPONENT USED IN DEVAP REAL :: FXEXP, FXEXP_DATA DATA FXEXP_DATA /2.0/ ! Soil heat capacity [J/m^3/K] REAL :: CSOIL, CSOIL_DATA DATA CSOIL_DATA /1.26E+6/ ! SPECIFY SNOW DISTRIBUTION SHAPE PARAMETER ! SALP - SHAPE PARAMETER OF DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION ! OF SNOW COVER. FROM ANDERSONS DATA (HYDRO-17) ! BEST FIT IS WHEN SALP = 2.6 REAL :: SALP, SALP_DATA DATA SALP_DATA /2.6/ ! KDT IS DEFINED BY REFERENCE REFKDT AND DKSAT ! REFDK=2.E-6 IS THE SAT. DK. VALUE FOR THE SOIL TYPE 2 REAL :: REFDK, REFDK_DATA DATA REFDK_DATA /2.0E-6/ REAL :: REFKDT, REFKDT_DATA DATA REFKDT_DATA /3.0/ REAL :: KDT REAL :: FRZX ! FROZEN GROUND PARAMETER, FRZK, DEFINITION ! FRZK IS ICE CONTENT THRESHOLD ABOVE WHICH FROZEN SOIL IS IMPERMEABLE ! REFERENCE VALUE OF THIS PARAMETER FOR THE LIGHT CLAY SOIL (TYPE=3) ! FRZK = 0.15 M REAL :: FRZK, FRZK_DATA DATA FRZK_DATA /0.15/ REAL :: RTDIS(NSOIL) REAL :: SLDPTH(NSOIL) REAL :: ZSOIL(NSOIL) ! Set two canopy water parameters REAL :: CFACTR, CFACTR_DATA REAL :: CMCMAX, CMCMAX_DATA DATA CFACTR_DATA /0.5/ DATA CMCMAX_DATA /0.5E-3/ ! Set max. stomatal resistance REAL :: RSMAX, RSMAX_DATA DATA RSMAX_DATA /5000.0/ ! Set optimum transpiration air temperature REAL :: TOPT, TOPT_DATA DATA TOPT_DATA /298.0/ ! Specify depth[m] of lower boundary soil temperature REAL :: ZBOT, ZBOT_DATA DATA ZBOT_DATA /-3.0/ !####################################################################### ! Namelist definition NAMELIST /SOIL_VEG/ SLOPE_DATA, RSMTBL, RGLTBL, HSTBL, SNUPX, & BB, DRYSMC, F11, MAXSMC, REFSMC, SATPSI, SATDK, SATDW, & WLTSMC, QTZ, LPARAM, ZBOT_DATA, SALP_DATA, CFACTR_DATA, & CMCMAX_DATA, SBETA_DATA, RSMAX_DATA, TOPT_DATA, & REFDK_DATA, FRZK_DATA, BARE, DEFINED_VEG, DEFINED_SOIL, & DEFINED_SLOPE, FXEXP_DATA, NROOT_DATA, REFKDT_DATA, Z0_DATA, & CZIL_DATA, LAI_DATA, CSOIL_DATA ! write(6,*) 'lendo a QUANTIDADE DE TIPOS DE SOLO ' ! open(1,file='TYPSOLO',form='formatted',status='old') ! read(1,10)NSOTYP ! 0 format(I2) ! close(1) ! NSOTYP=15 ! NSOTYP=18 ! NSOTYP=18 ! print*,"QUANTIDADE DE TIPOS DE SOLO",NSOTYP ! ANIEL IF (NSOTYP == 18) THEN DEFINED_SOIL=DEFINED_SOILD DO I=1,DEFINED_SOIL BB(I)=BBD(I) DRYSMC(I)=DRYSMCD(I) F11(I)=F11D(I) MAXSMC(I)=MAXSMCD(I) REFSMC(I)=REFSMCD(I) SATPSI(I)=SATPSID(I) SATDK(I)=SATDKD(I) SATDW(I)=SATDWD(I) WLTSMC(I)=WLTSMCD(I) QTZ(I)=QTZD(I) ENDDO ENDIF ! ANIEL ! RIGINAL ZOGBLER IF (NSOTYP == 9) THEN DEFINED_SOIL=DEFINED_SOILZ DO I=1,DEFINED_SOIL BB(I) = BBZ(I) DRYSMC(I)= DRYSMCZ(I) F11(I)= F11Z(I) MAXSMC(I)= MAXSMCZ(I) REFSMC(I)= REFSMCZ(I) SATPSI(I)= SATPSIZ(I) SATDK(I) = SATDKZ(I) SATDW(I) = SATDWZ(I) WLTSMC(I)= WLTSMCZ(I) QTZ(I) = QTZZ(I) ENDDO ENDIF ! ROL - GLOBAL IF (NSOTYP == 15) THEN DEFINED_SOIL=DEFINED_SOILG DO I=1,DEFINED_SOIL BB(I) = BBG(I) DRYSMC(I)= DRYSMCG(I) F11(I)= F11G(I) MAXSMC(I)= MAXSMCG(I) REFSMC(I)= REFSMCG(I) SATPSI(I)= SATPSIG(I) SATDK(I) = SATDKG(I) SATDW(I) = SATDWG(I) WLTSMC(I)= WLTSMCG(I) QTZ(I) = QTZG(I) ENDDO ENDIF ! ROL ! Read namelist file to override default parameters ! only once. IF (LFIRST) THEN OPEN(58, FILE = 'namelist_filename.txt') ! NAMELIST_NAME must be 50 characters or less. READ(58,'(A)') NAMELIST_NAME CLOSE(58) WRITE(*,*) 'Namelist Filename is ', NAMELIST_NAME ! nx OPEN(59, FILE = NAMELIST_NAME) 50 CONTINUE ! nx READ(59, SOIL_VEG, END=100) ! nx IF (LPARAM) GOTO 50 100 CONTINUE ! CLOSE(59) ! WRITE(*,NML=SOIL_VEG) LFIRST = .FALSE. IF (DEFINED_SOIL > MAX_SOILTYP) THEN print*,DEFINED_SOIL WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: DEFINED_SOIL too large in namelist' STOP 222 END IF IF (DEFINED_VEG > MAX_VEGTYP) THEN WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: DEFINED_VEG too large in namelist' STOP 222 END IF IF (DEFINED_SLOPE > MAX_SLOPETYP) THEN WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: DEFINED_SLOPE too large in namelist' STOP 222 END IF DO I = 1, DEFINED_SOIL SATDW(I) = BB(I)*SATDK(I)*(SATPSI(I)/MAXSMC(I)) F11(I) = ALOG10(SATPSI(I)) + BB(I)*ALOG10(MAXSMC(I)) + 2.0 REFSMC1 = MAXSMC(I)*(5.79E-9/SATDK(I)) & **(1.0/(2.0*BB(I)+3.0)) REFSMC(I) = REFSMC1 + (MAXSMC(I)-REFSMC1) / 3.0 WLTSMC1 = MAXSMC(I) * (200.0/SATPSI(I))**(-1.0/BB(I)) WLTSMC(I) = WLTSMC1 - 0.5 * WLTSMC1 ! Current version DRYSMC values that equate to WLTSMC ! Future version could let DRYSMC be independently set via namelist DRYSMC(I) = WLTSMC(I) END DO END IF IF (SOILTYP > DEFINED_SOIL) THEN WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: too many soil types' STOP 333 END IF IF (VEGTYP > DEFINED_VEG) THEN WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: too many veg types' STOP 333 END IF IF (SLOPETYP > DEFINED_SLOPE) THEN WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: too many slope types' STOP 333 END IF ! SET-UP UNIVERSAL PARAMETERS ! (NOT DEPENDENT ON SOILTYP, VEGTYP OR SLOPETYP) ZBOT = ZBOT_DATA SALP = SALP_DATA CFACTR = CFACTR_DATA CMCMAX = CMCMAX_DATA SBETA = SBETA_DATA RSMAX = RSMAX_DATA TOPT = TOPT_DATA REFDK = REFDK_DATA FRZK = FRZK_DATA FXEXP = FXEXP_DATA REFKDT = REFKDT_DATA CZIL = CZIL_DATA CSOIL = CSOIL_DATA ! SET-UP SOIL PARAMETERS B = BB(SOILTYP) SMCDRY = DRYSMC(SOILTYP) F1 = F11(SOILTYP) SMCMAX = MAXSMC(SOILTYP) SMCREF = REFSMC(SOILTYP) PSISAT = SATPSI(SOILTYP) DKSAT = SATDK(SOILTYP) DWSAT = SATDW(SOILTYP) SMCWLT = WLTSMC(SOILTYP) QUARTZ = QTZ(SOILTYP) FRZFACT = (SMCMAX / SMCREF) * (0.412 / 0.468) KDT = REFKDT * DKSAT/REFDK ! TO ADJUST FRZK PARAMETER TO ACTUAL SOIL TYPE: FRZK * FRZFACT FRZX = FRZK * FRZFACT ! SET-UP VEGETATION PARAMETERS NROOT = NROOT_DATA(VEGTYP) SNUP = SNUPX(VEGTYP) RCMIN = RSMTBL(VEGTYP) RGL = RGLTBL(VEGTYP) HS = HSTBL(VEGTYP) Z0 = Z0_DATA(VEGTYP) LAI = LAI_DATA(VEGTYP) IF(VEGTYP == BARE) SHDFAC = 0.0 ! rol IF(VEGTYP == 14) SHDFAC = 0.1 IF (NROOT > NSOIL) THEN WRITE(*,*) 'Warning: too many root layers' STOP 333 END IF ! CALCULATE ROOT DISTRIBUTION ! PRESENT VERSION ASSUMES UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION BASED ON SOIL LAYERS DO I=1,NROOT RTDIS(I) = -SLDPTH(I)/ZSOIL(NROOT) END DO ! SET-UP SLOPE PARAMETER SLOPE = SLOPE_DATA(SLOPETYP) RETURN END SUBROUTINE REDPRM SUBROUTINE ROSR12 ( P, A, B, C, D, DELTA, NSOIL ) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO INVERT (SOLVE) THE TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX PROBLEM SHOWN !C ======= BELOW: ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: KK INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: P (NSOIL) REAL :: A (NSOIL) REAL :: B (NSOIL) REAL :: C (NSOIL) REAL :: D (NSOIL) REAL :: DELTA (NSOIL) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIALIZE EQN COEF C FOR THE LOWEST SOIL LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC C(NSOIL) = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SOLVE THE COEFS FOR THE 1ST SOIL LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC P(1) = -C(1) / B(1) DELTA(1) = D(1) / B(1) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SOLVE THE COEFS FOR SOIL LAYERS 2 THRU NSOIL ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 2 , NSOIL P(K) = -C(K) * ( 1.0 / (B(K) + A (K) * P(K-1)) ) DELTA(K) = (D(K)-A(K)*DELTA(K-1))*(1.0/(B(K)+A(K)*P(K-1))) END Do ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SET P TO DELTA FOR LOWEST SOIL LAYER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC P(NSOIL) = DELTA(NSOIL) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ADJUST P FOR SOIL LAYERS 2 THRU NSOIL ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 2 , NSOIL KK = NSOIL - K + 1 P(KK) = P(KK) * P(KK+1) + DELTA(KK) END DO RETURN END SUBROUTINE ROSR12 SUBROUTINE SHFLX(S,STC,SMC,SMCMAX,NSOIL,T1,DT,YY,ZZ1,ZSOIL,TBOT, & ZBOT, SMCWLT, PSISAT, SH2O, B,F1,DF1,ICE,QUARTZ,CSOIL) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: UPDATE THE TEMPERATURE STATE OF THE SOIL COLUMN BASED ON !C THE THERMAL DIFFUSION EQUATION AND UPDATE THE FROZEN SOIL !C MOISTURE CONTENT BASED ON THE TEMPERATURE. !C ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: I INTEGER :: ICE INTEGER :: IFRZ INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: B REAL :: DF1 REAL :: CSOIL REAL :: DT REAL :: F1 REAL :: PSISAT REAL :: QUARTZ REAL :: RHSTS ( NSOLD ) REAL :: S REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2O ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: STC (NSOIL) REAL :: STCF (NSOLD) REAL :: T0 REAL :: T1 REAL :: TBOT REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: YY REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) REAL :: ZZ1 PARAMETER ( T0 = 273.15) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! HRT ROUTINE CALCS THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE SOIL TEMP DIF EQN ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF(ICE == 1) THEN !..SEA-ICE CASE CALL HRTICE(RHSTS,STC,NSOIL,ZSOIL,YY,ZZ1,DF1) CALL HSTEP (STCF,STC,RHSTS,DT,NSOIL) ELSE !..LAND-MASS CASE CALL HRT(RHSTS,STC,SMC,SMCMAX,NSOIL,ZSOIL,YY,ZZ1,TBOT, & ZBOT, PSISAT, SH2O, DT, & B,F1,DF1,QUARTZ,CSOIL) CALL HSTEP(STCF,STC,RHSTS,DT,NSOIL) ENDIF DO I = 1,NSOIL STC(I) = STCF(I) END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! IN THE NO SNOWPACK CASE (VIA ROUTINE NOPAC BRANCH,) UPDATE THE ! GRND (SKIN) TEMPERATURE HERE IN RESPONSE TO THE UPDATED SOIL ! TEMPERATURE PROFILE ABOVE. ! (NOTE: INSPECTION OF ROUTINE SNOPAC SHOWS THAT T1 BELOW IS A DUMMY ! VARIABLE ONLY, AS SKIN TEMPERATURE IS UPDATED DIFFERENTLY ! IN ROUTINE SNOPAC) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC T1 = (YY + (ZZ1 - 1.0) * STC(1)) / ZZ1 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE SFC SOIL HEAT FLUX ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! S = DF1 * (STC(1) - T1) / (0.5 * ZSOIL(1)) RETURN END SUBROUTINE SHFLX SUBROUTINE SMFLX ( ETA1,SMC,NSOIL,CMC,ETP1,DT,PRCP1,ZSOIL, & SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZFACT, & SMCMAX,B,PC,SMCWLT,DKSAT,DWSAT,SMCREF,SHDFAC,CMCMAX, & SMCDRY,CFACTR, RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2, RUNOFF3, EDIR1, EC1, & ETT1, SFCTMP,Q2,NROOT,RTDIS, FXEXP) IMPLICIT NONE ! ------------ FROZEN GROUND VERSION -------------------------- ! NEW STATES ADDED: SH2O, AND FROZEN GROUD CORRECTION FACTOR, FRZFACT ! AND PARAMETER SLOPE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE SOIL MOISTURE FLUX. THE SOIL MOISTURE !C ======= CONTENT (SMC - A PER UNIT VOLUME MEASUREMENT) IS A !C DEPENDENT VARIABLE THAT IS UPDATED WITH PROGNOSTIC EQNS. !C THE CANOPY MOISTURE CONTENT (CMC) IS ALSO UPDATED. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: B REAL :: BETA REAL :: CFACTR REAL :: CMC REAL :: CMCMAX REAL :: DEW REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DRIP REAL :: DT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: EC REAL :: EDIR REAL :: ET ( NSOLD ) REAL :: ETA1 REAL :: ETP1 REAL :: ETT REAL :: EXCESS REAL :: FXEXP REAL :: FLX1 REAL :: FLX2 REAL :: FLX3 REAL :: KDT REAL :: PC REAL :: PCPDRP REAL :: PRCP1 REAL :: RHSCT REAL :: RHSTT ( NSOLD ) REAL :: RIB REAL :: RTDIS (NSOIL) REAL :: RUNOF REAL :: RUNOFF,RUNOXX3 REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) ! --------------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION --------------------- REAL :: SH2O ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SICE ( NSOLD ) REAL :: SH2OA ( NSOLD ) REAL :: SH2OFG ( NSOLD ) ! ------------------------------------------------------------------- REAL :: SMCDRY REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: TRHSCT REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) ! Temperature criteria for snowfall TFREEZ should have ! same value as in SFLX.f REAL :: TFREEZ PARAMETER (TFREEZ = 273.15) REAL :: SLOPE, FRZFACT, RUNOFF1, RUNOFF2, RUNOFF3, EDIR1, EC1 REAL :: ETT1, SFCTMP, Q2, DUMMY, CMC2MS, DEVAP INTEGER :: NROOT, I COMMON/RITE/ BETA,DRIP,EC,EDIR,ETT,FLX1,FLX2,FLX3,RUNOF, & DEW,RIB,RUNOXX3 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! EXECUTABLE CODE BEGINS HERE....IF THE POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANS- ! PIRATION IS GREATER THAN ZERO... ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DUMMY=0. EDIR = 0. EC = 0. ETT = 0. DO K = 1, NSOIL ET ( K ) = 0. END DO ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- IF ( ETP1 > 0.0 ) THEN ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! RETRIEVE DIRECT EVAPORATION FROM SOIL SURFACE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! call this function only if veg cover not complete ! -------------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION --------------------- ! SMC STATES WERE REPLACED BY SH2O STATES IF (SHDFAC < 1.) THEN EDIR = DEVAP ( ETP1, SH2O(1), ZSOIL(1), SHDFAC, SMCMAX, & B, DKSAT, DWSAT, SMCDRY,SMCREF, SMCWLT, FXEXP) ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! INITIALIZE PLANT TOTAL TRANSPIRATION, RETRIEVE PLANT ! TRANSPIRATION, AND ACCUMULATE IT FOR ALL SOIL LAYERS. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ETT = 0. IF(SHDFAC > 0.0) THEN ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! -------------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION --------------------- ! SMC STATES WERE REPLACED BY SH2O STATES CALL TRANSP ( ET,NSOIL,ETP1,SH2O,CMC,ZSOIL,SHDFAC,SMCWLT, & CMCMAX,PC,CFACTR,SMCREF,SFCTMP,Q2,NROOT,RTDIS) DO K = 1 , NSOIL ETT = ETT + ET ( K ) END DO ! move this ENDIF after canopy evap calcs since CMC=0 for SHDFAC=0 ! ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CALCULATE CANOPY EVAPORATION ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! c If statements to avoid TANGENT LINEAR problems near CMC=zero IF (CMC > 0.0) THEN EC = SHDFAC * ( ( CMC / CMCMAX ) ** CFACTR ) * ETP1 ELSE EC = 0.0 ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !######## EC SHOULD BE LIMITED BY THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF AVAILABLE ! WATER ON THE CANOPY. MODIFIED BY F.CHEN ON 10/18/94 !######## CMC2MS = CMC / DT EC = MIN ( CMC2MS, EC ) ENDIF ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! TOTAL UP EVAP AND TRANSP TYPES TO OBTAIN ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSP ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC EDIR1=EDIR EC1=EC ETT1=ETT ETA1 = EDIR + ETT + EC ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! COMPUTE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE CANOPY EQN TERM ( RHSCT ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RHSCT = SHDFAC * PRCP1 - EC ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CONVERT RHSCT (A RATE) TO TRHSCT (AN AMT) AND ADD IT TO EXISTING ! CMC. IF RESULTING AMT EXCEEDS MAX CAPACITY, IT BECOMES DRIP ! AND WILL FALL TO THE GRND. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DRIP = 0. TRHSCT = DT * RHSCT EXCESS = CMC + TRHSCT IF ( EXCESS > CMCMAX ) DRIP = EXCESS - CMCMAX ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! PCPDRP IS THE COMBINED PRCP1 AND DRIP (FROM CMC) THAT ! GOES INTO THE SOIL ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PCPDRP = (1. - SHDFAC) * PRCP1 + DRIP / DT ! PRINT*,' ################ SMLX ##################' ! PRINT*,' PCPDRP=', PCPDRP, ' EDIR=', EDIR,' ET=', ET, ! * 'SMC(1)=', SMC(1), 'SMC(2)=', SMC(2), ' PRCP1=', PRCP1, ! * 'DRIP = ', DRIP / DT ! --------------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION -------------------- ! STORE ICE CONTENT AT EACH SOIL LAYER BEFORE CALLING SRT & SSTEP DO I = 1,NSOIL SICE(I) = SMC(I) - SH2O(I) END DO ! ------------------------------------------------------------------ ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALL SUBROUTINES SRT AND SSTEP TO SOLVE THE SOIL MOISTURE ! TENDENCY EQUATIONS. ! IF THE INFILTRATING PRECIP RATE IS NONTRIVIAL, ! (WE CONSIDER NONTRIVIAL TO BE A PRECIP TOTAL OVER THE TIME STEP ! EXCEEDING ONE ONE-THOUSANDTH OF THE WATER HOLDING CAPACITY OF ! THE FIRST SOIL LAYER) ! THEN CALL THE SRT/SSTEP SUBROUTINE PAIR TWICE IN THE MANNER OF ! TIME SCHEME "F" (IMPLICIT STATE, AVERAGED COEFFICIENT) ! OF SECTION 2 OF KALNAY AND KANAMITSU (1988, MWR, VOL 116, ! PAGES 1945-1958)TO MINIMIZE 2-DELTA-T OSCILLATIONS IN THE ! SOIL MOISTURE VALUE OF THE TOP SOIL LAYER THAT CAN ARISE BECAUSE ! OF THE EXTREME NONLINEAR DEPENDENCE OF THE SOIL HYDRAULIC ! DIFFUSIVITY COEFFICIENT AND THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ON THE ! SOIL MOISTURE STATE ! OTHERWISE CALL THE SRT/SSTEP SUBROUTINE PAIR ONCE IN THE MANNER OF ! TIME SCHEME "D" (IMPLICIT STATE, EXPLICIT COEFFICIENT) ! OF SECTION 2 OF KALNAY AND KANAMITSU ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! PCPDRP IS UNITS OF KG/M**2/S OR MM/S, ZSOIL IS NEGATIVE DEPTH IN M !......IF ( PCPDRP .GT. 0.0 ) THEN IF ( (PCPDRP*DT) > (0.001*1000.0*(-ZSOIL(1))*SMCMAX) ) THEN ! --------------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION --------------------- ! SMC STATES REPLACED BY SH2O STATES IN SRT SUBR. ! SH2O & SICE STATES INCLUDED IN SSTEP SUBR. ! FROZEN GROUND CORRECTION FACTOR, FRZFACT, ADDED ! ALL WATER BALANCE CALCULATIONS USING UNFROZEN WATER CALL SRT ( RHSTT,RUNOFF,EDIR,ET,SH2O,SH2O,NSOIL,PCPDRP,ZSOIL, & DWSAT,DKSAT,SMCMAX, B, RUNOFF1, & RUNOFF2,DT,SMCWLT,SLOPE,KDT,FRZFACT, SICE) CALL SSTEP ( SH2OFG,SH2O,DUMMY,RHSTT,RHSCT,DT,NSOIL,SMCMAX, & CMCMAX, RUNOFF3, ZSOIL, SMC, SICE ) DO K = 1, NSOIL SH2OA(K) = ( SH2O(K) + SH2OFG(K) ) * 0.5 END DO CALL SRT ( RHSTT,RUNOFF,EDIR,ET,SH2O,SH2OA,NSOIL,PCPDRP,ZSOIL, & DWSAT,DKSAT,SMCMAX, B, RUNOFF1, & RUNOFF2,DT,SMCWLT,SLOPE,KDT,FRZFACT, SICE) CALL SSTEP ( SH2O,SH2O,CMC,RHSTT,RHSCT,DT,NSOIL,SMCMAX, & CMCMAX, RUNOFF3, ZSOIL,SMC,SICE) ELSE CALL SRT ( RHSTT,RUNOFF,EDIR,ET,SH2O,SH2O,NSOIL,PCPDRP,ZSOIL, & DWSAT,DKSAT,SMCMAX, B, RUNOFF1, & RUNOFF2,DT,SMCWLT,SLOPE,KDT,FRZFACT, SICE) CALL SSTEP ( SH2O,SH2O,CMC,RHSTT,RHSCT,DT,NSOIL,SMCMAX, & CMCMAX, RUNOFF3, ZSOIL,SMC,SICE) ENDIF RUNOF = RUNOFF RETURN END SUBROUTINE SMFLX FUNCTION SNKSRC ( TUP,TM,TDN, SMC, SH2O, ZSOIL,NSOIL, & SMCMAX, PSISAT, B, DT, K, QTOT) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE SINK/SOURCE TERM OF THE TERMAL DIFFUSION !C ======= EQUATION. (SH2O) IS AVAILABLE LIQUED WATER. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: B REAL :: DF REAL :: DFH2O REAL :: DFICE REAL :: DH2O REAL :: DT REAL :: DZ REAL :: DZH REAL :: FREE REAL :: FRH2O REAL :: HLICE REAL :: PSISAT REAL :: QTOT REAL :: SH2O REAL :: SMC REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SNKSRC REAL :: T0 REAL :: TAVG REAL :: TDN REAL :: TM REAL :: TUP REAL :: TZ REAL :: X0 REAL :: XDN REAL :: XH2O REAL :: XUP REAL :: ZSOIL (NSOIL) PARAMETER (HLICE=3.3350E5) PARAMETER (DH2O =1.0000E3) PARAMETER ( T0 =2.7315E2) IF(K == 1) THEN DZ=-ZSOIL(1) ELSE DZ=ZSOIL(K-1)-ZSOIL(K) ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALCULATE POTENTIAL REDUCTION OF LIQUED WATER CONTENT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC XH2O=QTOT*DT/(DH2O*HLICE*DZ) + SH2O ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ESTIMATE UNFROZEN WATER AT TEMPERATURE TAVG, ! AND CHECK IF CALCULATED WATER CONTENT IS REASONABLE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! #### NEW CALCULATION OF AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (TAVG) ########## ! #### IN FREEZING/THAWING LAYER USING UP, DOWN, AND MIDDLE ### ! #### LAYER TEMPERATURES (TUP, TDN, TM) ########## DZH=DZ*0.5 IF (TUP < T0) THEN IF (TM < T0) THEN IF (TDN < T0) THEN ! *** TUP, TM, TDN < T0 *** TAVG = (TUP + 2.0*TM + TDN)/ 4.0 ELSE ! *** TUP & TM < T0, TDN >= T0 *** X0 = (T0 - TM) * DZH / (TDN - TM) TAVG = 0.5 * (TUP*DZH+TM*(DZH+X0)+T0*(2.*DZH-X0)) / DZ ENDIF ELSE IF (TDN < T0) THEN ! *** TUP < T0, TM >= T0, TDN < T0 *** XUP = (T0-TUP) * DZH / (TM-TUP) XDN = DZH - (T0-TM) * DZH / (TDN-TM) TAVG = 0.5 * (TUP*XUP+T0*(2.*DZ-XUP-XDN)+TDN*XDN) / DZ ELSE ! *** TUP < T0, TM >= T0, TDN >= T0 *** XUP = (T0-TUP) * DZH / (TM-TUP) TAVG = 0.5 * (TUP*XUP+T0*(2.*DZ-XUP)) / DZ ENDIF ENDIF ELSE IF (TM < T0) THEN IF (TDN < T0) THEN ! *** TUP >= T0, TM < T0, TDN < T0 *** XUP = DZH - (T0-TUP) * DZH / (TM-TUP) TAVG = 0.5 * (T0*(DZ-XUP)+TM*(DZH+XUP)+TDN*DZH) / DZ ELSE ! *** TUP >= T0, TM < T0, TDN >= T0 *** XUP = DZH - (T0-TUP) * DZH / (TM-TUP) XDN = (T0-TM) * DZH / (TDN-TM) TAVG = 0.5 * (T0*(2.*DZ-XUP-XDN)+TM*(XUP+XDN)) / DZ ENDIF ELSE IF (TDN < T0) THEN ! *** TUP >= T0, TM >= T0, TDN < T0 *** XDN = DZH - (T0-TM) * DZH / (TDN-TM) TAVG = (T0*(DZ-XDN)+0.5*(T0+TDN)*XDN) / DZ ELSE ! *** TUP >= T0, TM >= T0, TDN >= T0 *** TAVG = (TUP + 2.0*TM + TDN) / 4.0 ENDIF ENDIF ENDIF FREE=FRH2O(TAVG, SMC, SH2O, SMCMAX, B, PSISAT ) IF ( XH2O < SH2O .AND. XH2O < FREE) THEN IF ( FREE > SH2O ) THEN XH2O = SH2O ELSE XH2O = FREE ENDIF ENDIF IF ( XH2O > SH2O .AND. XH2O > FREE ) THEN IF ( FREE < SH2O ) THEN XH2O = SH2O ELSE XH2O = FREE ENDIF ENDIF IF(XH2O < 0. ) XH2O=0. IF(XH2O > SMC) XH2O=SMC ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALCULATE SINK/SOURCE TERM AND REPLACE PREVIOUS WATER CONTENT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC SNKSRC=-DH2O*HLICE*DZ*(XH2O-SH2O)/DT SH2O=XH2O 77 RETURN END FUNCTION SNKSRC SUBROUTINE SNOPAC (ETP,ETA,PRCP,PRCP1,SNOWNG,SMC,SMCMAX,SMCWLT, & SMCREF, SMCDRY, CMC, CMCMAX, NSOIL, DT, SBETA, Q1, DF1, & Q2,T1,SFCTMP,T24,TH2,F,F1,S,STC,EPSCA,SFCPRS, & ! & B, PC, RCH, RR, CFACTR, SALP, ESD, B, PC, RCH, RR, CFACTR, SNCOVER, ESD, SNDENS, & SNOWH, SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZFACT, PSISAT,SNUP, & ZSOIL, DWSAT, DKSAT, TBOT, ZBOT, SHDFAC, RUNOFF1, & RUNOFF2,RUNOFF3,EDIR1,EC1,ETT1,NROOT,SNMAX,ICE, & RTDIS,QUARTZ, FXEXP,CSOIL) IMPLICIT NONE ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE SOIL MOISTURE AND HEAT FLUX VALUES & UPDATE !C ======= SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT AND SOIL HEAT CONTENT VALUES FOR !C THE CASE WHEN A SNOW PACK IS PRESENT. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- INTEGER :: ICE INTEGER :: NROOT INTEGER :: NSOIL LOGICAL :: SNOWNG REAL :: B REAL :: BETA REAL :: CFACTR REAL :: CMC REAL :: CMCMAX REAL :: CP REAL :: CPH2O REAL :: CPICE REAL :: CSOIL REAL :: DENOM REAL :: DEW REAL :: DF1 REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DRIP REAL :: DSOIL REAL :: DTOT REAL :: DT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: EC REAL :: EDIR REAL :: EPSCA REAL :: ESD REAL :: EXPSNO REAL :: EXPSOI REAL :: ETA REAL :: ETA1 REAL :: ETP REAL :: ETP1 REAL :: ETP2 REAL :: ETT REAL :: EX REAL :: EXPFAC REAL :: F REAL :: FXEXP REAL :: FLX1 REAL :: FLX2 REAL :: FLX3 REAL :: F1 REAL :: KDT REAL :: LSUBF REAL :: LSUBC REAL :: LSUBS REAL :: PC REAL :: PRCP REAL :: PRCP1 REAL :: Q1 REAL :: Q2 REAL :: RCH REAL :: RIB REAL :: RR REAL :: RTDIS ( NSOIL ) REAL :: RUNOFF REAL :: S REAL :: SBETA REAL :: S1 REAL :: SFCTMP REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: SIGMA REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2O ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMCDRY REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: SNMAX REAL :: SNOWH REAL :: STC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: T1 REAL :: T11 REAL :: T12 REAL :: T12A REAL :: T12B REAL :: T24 REAL :: TBOT REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: TH2 REAL :: YY REAL :: ZSOIL( NSOIL ) REAL :: ZZ1 REAL :: TFREEZ, SALP, SFCPRS, SLOPE, FRZFACT, PSISAT, SNUP REAL :: RUNOFF1, RUNOFF2, RUNOFF3,RUNOXX3 REAL :: EDIR1, EC1, ETT1, QUARTZ REAL :: SNDENS, SNCOND, RSNOW, SNCOVER, QSAT, ETP3, SEH, T14 REAL :: CSNOW COMMON/RITE/ BETA,DRIP,EC,EDIR,ETT,FLX1,FLX2,FLX3,RUNOFF, & DEW,RIB,RUNOXX3 PARAMETER(CP=1004.5,CPH2O=4.218E+3,CPICE=2.106E+3, & LSUBF=3.335E+5,LSUBC=2.501000E+6,LSUBS=2.83E+6,SIGMA=5.67E-8) PARAMETER ( TFREEZ = 273.15) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! EXECUTABLE CODE BEGINS HERE... ! CONVERT POTENTIAL EVAP (ETP) FROM KG M-2 S-1 TO M S-1 AND THEN TO AN ! AMOUNT (M) GIVEN TIMESTEP (DT) AND CALL IT AN EFFECTIVE SNOWPACK ! REDUCTION AMOUNT, ETP2 (M). THIS IS THE AMOUNT THE SNOWPACK WOULD BE ! REDUCED DUE TO EVAPORATION FROM THE SNOW SFC DURING THE TIMESTEP. ! EVAPORATION WILL PROCEED AT THE POTENTIAL RATE UNLESS THE SNOW DEPTH ! IS LESS THAN THE EXPECTED SNOWPACK REDUCTION. ! IF SEAICE (ICE=1), BETA REMAINS=1. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- PRCP1 = PRCP1*0.001 ETP2 = ETP * 0.001 * DT BETA = 1.0 IF(ICE /= 1) THEN IF (ESD < ETP2) THEN BETA = ESD / ETP2 ENDIF ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF ETP<0 (DOWNWARD) THEN DEWFALL (=FROSTFALL IN THIS CASE). ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- DEW = 0.0 IF (ETP < 0.0) THEN DEW = -ETP * 0.001 ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! If precip is falling, calculate heat flux from snow sfc to newly ! accumulating precip. Note that this reflects the flux appropriate for ! the not-yet-updated skin temperature (T1). Assumes temperature of the ! snowfall striking the gound is =SFCTMP (lowest model level air temp). ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- FLX1 = 0.0 IF ( SNOWNG ) THEN FLX1 = CPICE * PRCP * ( T1 - SFCTMP ) ELSE IF (PRCP > 0.0) FLX1 = CPH2O * PRCP * (T1 - SFCTMP) ENDIF DSOIL = -(0.5 * ZSOIL(1)) DTOT = SNOWH + DSOIL ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Calculate an 'effective snow-grnd sfc temp' (T12) based on heat fluxes ! between the snow pack and the soil and on net radiation. ! Include FLX1 (precip-snow sfc) and FLX2 (freezing rain latent heat) ! fluxes. FLX1 from above, FLX2 brought in via COMMOM block RITE. ! FLX2 reflects freezing rain latent heat flux using T1 calculated in ! PENMAN. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- DENOM = 1.0 + DF1 / ( DTOT * RR * RCH ) T12A = ((F - FLX1 - FLX2 - SIGMA * T24) / & RCH+TH2-SFCTMP-BETA*EPSCA) / RR T12B = DF1 * STC(1) / ( DTOT * RR * RCH ) T12 = (SFCTMP + T12A + T12B ) / DENOM ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF THE 'EFFECTIVE SNOW-GRND SFC TEMP' IS AT OR BELOW FREEZING, NO SNOW ! MELT WILL OCCUR. SET THE SKIN TEMP TO THIS EFFECTIVE TEMP AND SET THE ! EFFECTIVE PRECIP TO ZERO. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- IF (T12 <= TFREEZ) THEN ESD = MAX(0.0, ESD-ETP2) ! gg update snow depth. snowh = esd / sndens ! gg T1 = T12 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Update soil heat flux (S) using new skin temperature (T1) S = DF1 * ( T1 - STC(1) ) / ( DTOT ) FLX3 = 0.0 EX = 0.0 SNMAX = 0.0 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF THE 'EFFECTIVE SNOW-GRND SFC TEMP' IS ABOVE FREEZING, SNOW MELT ! WILL OCCUR. CALL THE SNOW MELT RATE,EX AND AMT, SNMAX. REVISE THE ! EFFECTIVE SNOW DEPTH. REVISE THE SKIN TEMP BECAUSE IT WOULD HAVE CHGD ! DUE TO THE LATENT HEAT RELEASED BY THE MELTING. CALC THE LATENT HEAT ! RELEASED, FLX3. SET THE EFFECTIVE PRECIP, PRCP1 TO THE SNOW MELT RATE, ! EX FOR USE IN SMFLX. ADJUSTMENT TO T1 TO ACCOUNT FOR SNOW PATCHES. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ELSE ! IF ( (SNUP .GT. 0.0) .AND. (ESD .LT. SNUP) ) THEN ! turn off this block below since SNCOVER is calculated (as SNOFAC) in ! SFLX and now passed to SNOPAC ! IF (ESD .LT. SNUP) THEN ! RSNOW = ESD / SNUP ! SNCOVER = 1.- (EXP(-SALP*RSNOW)-RSNOW*EXP(-SALP)) ! ELSE ! SNCOVER = 1. ! ENDIF T1 = TFREEZ * SNCOVER + T12 * ( 1.0 - SNCOVER ) QSAT = (0.622*6.11E2)/(SFCPRS-0.378*6.11E2) ETP = RCH*(QSAT-Q2)/CP ETP2 = ETP*0.001*DT BETA = 1.0 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF POTENTIAL EVAP (SUBLIMATION) GREATER THAN DEPTH OF SNOWPACK. ! BETA<1 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- IF ( ESD <= ETP2 ) THEN BETA = ESD / ETP2 ESD = 0.0 ! gg snow pack has sublimated, set depth to zero snowh = 0.0 ! gg SNMAX = 0.0 EX = 0.0 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Update soil heat flux (S) using new skin temperature (T1) S = DF1 * ( T1 - STC(1) ) / ( DTOT ) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! POTENTIAL EVAP (SUBLIMATION) LESS THAN DEPTH OF SNOWPACK, BETA=1. ! SNOWPACK (ESD) REDUCED BY POT EVAP RATE ! ETP3 (CONVERT TO FLUX) ! UPDATE SOIL HEAT FLUX BECAUSE T1 PREVIOUSLY CHANGED. ! SNOWMELT REDUCTION DEPENDING ON SNOW COVER ! IF SNOW COVER LESS THAN 5% NO SNOWMELT REDUCTION ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ELSE ! ESD = MAX(0.0, ESD-ETP2) ESD = ESD-ETP2 ! gg snow pack reduced by sublimation, reduce snow depth snowh = esd / sndens ! gg ETP3 = ETP*LSUBC S = DF1 * ( T1 - STC(1) ) / ( DTOT ) SEH = RCH*(T1-TH2) T14 = T1*T1 T14 = T14*T14 FLX3 = F - FLX1 - FLX2 - SIGMA*T14 - S - SEH - ETP3 IF(FLX3 <= 0.0) FLX3=0.0 EX = FLX3*0.001/LSUBF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Does below fail to match the melt water with the melt energy? IF ( SNCOVER > 0.05) EX = EX * SNCOVER SNMAX = EX * DT ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SNMAX.LT.ESD ! ELSE ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! IF(SNMAX.LT.ESD) THEN ! The 1.E-6 value represents a snowpack depth threshold value (0.1 mm) ! below which we choose not to retain any snowpack, and instead include ! it in snowmelt. IF(SNMAX < ESD-1.E-6) THEN ESD = ESD - SNMAX ! gg snow melt reduced snow pack, reduce snow depth snowh = esd / sndens ! gg ELSE EX = ESD/DT SNMAX = ESD ESD = 0.0 ! gg snow melt exceeds snow depth snowh = 0.0 ! gg FLX3 = EX*1000.0*LSUBF ENDIF PRCP1 = PRCP1 + EX ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SET THE EFFECTIVE POTNL EVAPOTRANSP (ETP1) TO ZERO SINCE SNOW CASE SO ! SURFACE EVAP NOT CALCULATED FROM EDIR, EC, OR ETT IN SMFLX (BELOW). ! IF SEAICE (ICE=1) SKIP CALL TO SMFLX. ! SMFLX RETURNS SOIL MOISTURE VALUES AND PRELIMINARY VALUES OF ! EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. IN THIS, THE SNOW PACK CASE, THE PRELIM VALUES ! (ETA1) ARE NOT USED IN SUBSEQUENT CALCULATION OF EVAP. ! NEW STATES ADDED: SH2O, AND FROZEN GROUND CORRECTION FACTOR ! EVAP EQUALS POTENTIAL EVAP UNLESS BETA<1. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ETP1 = 0.0 IF (ICE /= 1) THEN CALL SMFLX ( ETA1,SMC,NSOIL,CMC,ETP1,DT,PRCP1,ZSOIL, & SH2O, SLOPE, KDT, FRZFACT, & SMCMAX,B,PC,SMCWLT,DKSAT,DWSAT, & SMCREF,SHDFAC,CMCMAX,SMCDRY,CFACTR,RUNOFF1,RUNOFF2, & RUNOFF3, EDIR1, EC1, ETT1,SFCTMP,Q2,NROOT,RTDIS, & FXEXP) ENDIF ETA = BETA*ETP ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! THE 'ADJUSTED TOP SOIL LYR TEMP' (YY) AND THE ADJUSTED SOIL HEAT ! FLUX (ZZ1) ARE SET TO THE TOP SOIL LYR TEMP, AND 1, RESPECTIVELY. ! THESE ARE CLOSE-ENOUGH APPROXIMATIONS BECAUSE THE SFC HEAT FLUX TO BE ! COMPUTED IN SHFLX WILL EFFECTIVELY BE THE FLUX AT THE SNOW TOP ! SURFACE. T11 IS A DUMMY ARGUEMENT SINCE WE WILL NOT USE ITS VALUE AS ! REVISED BY SHFLX. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ZZ1 = 1.0 YY = STC(1)-0.5*S*ZSOIL(1)*ZZ1/DF1 T11 = T1 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SHFLX WILL CALC/UPDATE THE SOIL TEMPS. NOTE: THE SUB-SFC HEAT FLUX ! (S1) AND THE SKIN TEMP (T11) OUTPUT FROM THIS SHFLX CALL ARE NOT USED ! IN ANY SUBSEQUENT CALCULATIONS. RATHER, THEY ARE DUMMY VARIABLES HERE ! IN THE SNOPAC CASE, SINCE THE SKIN TEMP AND SUB-SFC HEAT FLUX ARE ! UPDATED INSTEAD NEAR THE BEGINNING OF THE CALL TO SNOPAC. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CALL SHFLX(S1,STC,SMC,SMCMAX,NSOIL,T11,DT,YY,ZZ1,ZSOIL,TBOT, & ZBOT, SMCWLT, PSISAT, SH2O, & B,F1,DF1,ICE, & QUARTZ,CSOIL) ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! SNOW DEPTH AND DENSITY ADJUSTMENT BASED ON SNOW COMPACTION. ! YY is assumed to be the soil temperture at the top of the soil column. ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- IF (ESD > 0.) THEN ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ! write(6,*) 'SNOPAC1:ESD,SNOWH,SNDENS=',ESD,SNOWH,SNDENS ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ CALL SNOWPACK(ESD,DT,SNOWH,SNDENS,T1,YY) ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ! SNDENS = 0.2 ! SNOWH = ESD/SNDENS ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ! write(6,*) 'SNOPAC2:ESD,SNOWH,SNDENS=',ESD,SNOWH,SNDENS ! --- debug ------------------------------------------------------------ ELSE ESD = 0. SNOWH = 0. SNDENS = 0. SNCOND = 1. ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RETURN END SUBROUTINE SNOPAC SUBROUTINE SNOWPACK ( W,DTS,HC,DS,TSNOW,TSOIL ) IMPLICIT NONE ! ############################################################## ! ## SUBROUTINE TO CALCULATE COMPACTION OF SNOWPACK UNDER ### ! ## CONDITIONS OF INCREASING SNOW DENSITY, AS OBTAINED ### ! FROM AN APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF E. ANDERSONS DIFFERENTIAL ### ! EQUATION (3.29), NOAA TECHNICAL REPORT NWS 19, ### ! BY VICTOR KOREN 03/25/95 ### ! ############################################################## ! ############################################################## ! W IS A WATER EQUIVALENT OF SNOW, IN M ### ! DTS IS A TIME STEP, IN SEC ### ! HC IS A SNOW DEPTH, IN M ### ! DS IS A SNOW DENSITY, IN G/CM3 ### ! TSNOW IS A SNOW SURFACE TEMPERATURE, K ### ! TSOIL IS A SOIL SURFACE TEMPERATURE, K ### ! SUBROUTINE WILL RETURN NEW VALUES OF H AND DS ### ! ############################################################## INTEGER :: IPOL INTEGER :: J REAL :: C1, C2, HC, W, DTS, DS, TSNOW, TSOIL, H, WX REAL :: DT, TSNOWX, TSOILX, TAVG, B, DSX, DW REAL :: PEXP REAL :: WXX PARAMETER (C1=0.01, C2=21.0) ! ## CONVERSION INTO SIMULATION UNITS ######################### H=HC*100. WX=W*100. DT=DTS/3600. TSNOWX=TSNOW-273.15 TSOILX=TSOIL-273.15 ! ## CALCULATING OF AVERAGE TEMPERATURE OF SNOW PACK ### TAVG=0.5*(TSNOWX+TSOILX) ! ## CALCULATING OF SNOW DEPTH AND DENSITY AS A RESULT OF COMPACTION ! DS=DS0*(EXP(B*W)-1.)/(B*W) ! B=DT*C1*EXP(0.08*TAVG-C2*DS0) ! NOTE: B*W IN DS EQN ABOVE HAS TO BE CAREFULLY TREATED ! NUMERICALLY BELOW ! ## C1 IS THE FRACTIONAL INCREASE IN DENSITY (1/(CM*HR)) ! ## C2 IS A CONSTANT (CM3/G) KOJIMA ESTIMATED AS 21 CMS/G IF(WX > 1.E-2) THEN WXX = WX ELSE WXX = 1.E-2 ENDIF B=DT*C1*EXP(0.08*TAVG-C2*DS) !.........DSX=DS*((DEXP(B*WX)-1.)/(B*WX)) !-------------------------------------------------------------------- ! The function of the form (e**x-1)/x imbedded in above expression ! for DSX was causing numerical difficulties when the denominator "x" ! (i.e. B*WX) became zero or approached zero (despite the fact that ! the analytical function (e**x-1)/x has a well defined limit as ! "x" approaches zero), hence below we replace the (e**x-1)/x ! expression with an equivalent, numerically well-behaved ! polynomial expansion. ! Number of terms of polynomial expansion, and hence its accuracy, ! is governed by iteration limit "ipol". ! ipol greater than 9 only makes a difference on double ! precision (relative errors given in percent %). ! ipol=9, for rel.error <~ 1.6 e-6 % (8 significant digits) ! ipol=8, for rel.error <~ 1.8 e-5 % (7 significant digits) ! ipol=7, for rel.error <~ 1.8 e-4 % ... ipol = 4 PEXP = 0. do j = ipol,1,-1 ! PEXP = (1. + PEXP)*B*WX/real(j+1) PEXP = (1. + PEXP)*B*WXX/real(j+1) end do PEXP = PEXP + 1. DSX=DS*(PEXP) ! above line ends polynomial substitution IF(DSX > 0.40) DSX=0.40 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! mbek - April 2001 ! Set lower limit on snow density, rather than just previous value. ! IF(DSX .LT. 0.05) DSX=DS IF(DSX < 0.05) DSX=0.05 DS=DSX ! ## UPDATE OF SNOW DEPTH AND DENSITY DEPENDING ON LIQUID WATER ! ## DURING SNOWMELT. ASSUMED THAT 13% OF LIQUID WATER CAN BE STORED ! ## IN SNOW PER DAY DURING SNOWMELT TILL SNOW DENSITY 0.40 ! IF((TSNOWX .GE. 0.) .AND. (H .NE. 0.)) THEN IF (TSNOWX >= 0.) THEN DW=0.13*DT/24. DS=DS*(1.-DW)+DW IF(DS > 0.40) DS=0.40 ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Calculate snow depth (cm) from snow water equivalent and snow density. H=WX/DS ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! Change snow depth units to meters HC=H*0.01 RETURN END SUBROUTINE SNOWPACK SUBROUTINE SNOW_NEW ( T,P,HC,DS ) IMPLICIT NONE ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CALCULATING SNOW DEPTH AND DENSITITY TO ACCOUNT FOR THE NEW SNOWFALL ! T - AIR TEMPERATURE, K ! P - NEW SNOWFALL, M ! HC - SNOW DEPTH, M ! DS - SNOW DENSITY ! NEW VALUES OF SNOW DEPTH & DENSITY WILL BE RETURNED REAL :: HC REAL :: T REAL :: P REAL :: DS REAL :: H REAL :: PX REAL :: TX REAL :: DS0 REAL :: HNEW REAL :: ESD ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CONVERSION INTO SIMULATION UNITS H=HC*100. PX=P*100. TX=T-273.15 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! CALCULATING NEW SNOWFALL DENSITY DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE ! EQUATION FROM GOTTLIB L. 'A GENERAL RUNOFF MODEL FOR SNOWCOVERED' ! 'AND GLACIERIZED BASIN', 6TH NORDIC HYDROLOGICAL CONFERENCE, ! VEMADOLEN, SWEDEN, 1980, 172-177PP. !----------------------------------------------------------------------- IF(TX <= -15.) THEN DS0=0.05 ELSE DS0=0.05+0.0017*(TX+15.)**1.5 ENDIF ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ADJUSTMENT OF SNOW DENSITY DEPENDING ON NEW SNOWFALL HNEW=PX/DS0 DS=(H*DS+HNEW*DS0)/(H+HNEW) H=H+HNEW HC=H*0.01 ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RETURN END SUBROUTINE SNOW_NEW SUBROUTINE SRT (RHSTT,RUNOFF,EDIR,ET,SH2O,SH2OA,NSOIL,PCPDRP, & ZSOIL,DWSAT,DKSAT,SMCMAX,B, RUNOFF1, & RUNOFF2,DT,SMCWLT,SLOPE,KDT,FRZX,SICE) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE TIME TENDENCY !C ======= TERM OF THE SOIL WATER DIFFUSION EQUATION. ALSO TO !C COMPUTE ( PREPARE ) THE MATRIX COEFFICIENTS FOR THE !C TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX OF THE IMPLICIT TIME SCHEME. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: CVFRZ INTEGER :: IALP1 INTEGER :: IOHINF INTEGER :: J INTEGER :: JJ INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: KS INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: AI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: B REAL :: BI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: DMAX ( NSOLD ) REAL :: DDZ REAL :: DDZ2 REAL :: DENOM REAL :: DENOM2 REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DSMDZ REAL :: DSMDZ2 REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: EDIR REAL :: ET ( NSOIL ) REAL :: INFMAX REAL :: KDT REAL :: MXSMC REAL :: MXSMC2 REAL :: NUMER REAL :: PCPDRP REAL :: PDDUM REAL :: RHSTT ( NSOIL ) REAL :: RUNOFF REAL :: SH2O ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2OA ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SICE ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SICEMAX REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: WCND REAL :: WCND2 REAL :: WDF REAL :: WDF2 REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) REAL :: RUNOFF1, RUNOFF2, DT, SMCWLT, SLOPE, FRZX, DT1 REAL :: SMCAV, DICE, DD, VAL, DDT, PX, FCR, ACRT, SUM REAL :: SSTT, SLOPX COMMON /ABCI/ AI, BI, CI ! ----------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION ------------------------- ! REFERENCE FROZEN GROUND PARAMETER, CVFRZ, IS A SHAPE PARAMETER OF ! AREAL DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION OF SOIL ICE CONTENT WHICH EQUALS 1/CV. ! CV IS A COEFFICIENT OF SPATIAL VARIATION OF SOIL ICE CONTENT. ! BASED ON FIELD DATA CV DEPENDS ON AREAL MEAN OF FROZEN DEPTH, AND IT ! CLOSE TO CONSTANT = 0.6 IF AREAL MEAN FROZEN DEPTH IS ABOVE 20 CM. ! THAT IS WHY PARAMETER CVFRZ = 3 (INT{1/0.6*0.6}) ! Current logic doesnt allow CVFRZ be bigger than 3 PARAMETER ( CVFRZ = 3 ) ! ------------------------------------------------------------------ ! PRINT*,'in SRT, Declaration -----------------------' ! PRINT*,'NSOIL=' , NSOIL ! PRINT*,'NSOLD=' , NSOLD ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! DETERMINE RAINFALL INFILTRATION RATE AND RUNOFF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ##INCLUDE THE INFILTRATION FORMULE FROM SCHAAKE AND KOREN MODEL !C MODIFIED BY Q DUAN !C IOHINF=1 ! Let SICEMAX be the greatest, if any, frozen water content within ! soil layers. SICEMAX = 0.0 DO KS=1,NSOIL IF (SICE(KS) > SICEMAX) SICEMAX = SICE(KS) END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! DETERMINE RAINFALL INFILTRATION RATE AND RUNOFF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PDDUM = PCPDRP RUNOFF1 = 0.0 IF ( PCPDRP /= 0.0 ) THEN !C++ MODIFIED BY Q. DUAN, 5/16/94 ! IF (IOHINF .EQ. 1) THEN DT1 = DT/86400. SMCAV = SMCMAX - SMCWLT DMAX(1)=-ZSOIL(1)*SMCAV ! ----------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION ------------------------ DICE = -ZSOIL(1) * SICE(1) !------------------------------------------------------------------- DMAX(1)=DMAX(1)*(1.0 - (SH2OA(1)+SICE(1)-SMCWLT)/SMCAV) DD=DMAX(1) DO KS=2,NSOIL ! ----------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION ------------------------ DICE = DICE + ( ZSOIL(KS-1) - ZSOIL(KS) ) * SICE(KS) !------------------------------------------------------------------- DMAX(KS)=(ZSOIL(KS-1)-ZSOIL(KS))*SMCAV DMAX(KS)=DMAX(KS)*(1.0 - (SH2OA(KS)+SICE(KS)-SMCWLT)/SMCAV) DD=DD+DMAX(KS) END DO !C .....VAL = (1.-EXP(-KDT*SQRT(DT1))) ! IN BELOW, REMOVE THE SQRT IN ABOVE VAL = (1.-EXP(-KDT*DT1)) DDT = DD*VAL PX = PCPDRP*DT IF(PX < 0.0) PX = 0.0 INFMAX = (PX*(DDT/(PX+DDT)))/DT ! ----------- FROZEN GROUND VERSION -------------------------- ! REDUCTION OF INFILTRATION BASED ON FROZEN GROUND PARAMETERS FCR = 1. IF ( DICE > 1.E-2) THEN ACRT = CVFRZ * FRZX / DICE SUM = 1. IALP1 = CVFRZ - 1 DO J = 1,IALP1 K = 1 DO JJ = J+1, IALP1 K = K * JJ END DO SUM = SUM + (ACRT ** ( CVFRZ-J)) / FLOAT (K) END DO FCR = 1. - EXP(-ACRT) * SUM END IF INFMAX = INFMAX * FCR ! ------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ############ CORRECTION OF INFILTRATION LIMITATION ########## ! IF INFMAX .LE. HYDROLIC CONDUCTIVITY ASSIGN INFMAX THE ! VALUE OF HYDROLIC CONDUCTIVITY ! MXSMC = MAX ( SH2OA(1), SH2OA(2) ) MXSMC = SH2OA(1) ! PRINT*,'SRT, BEFORE WDFCND - 1 ------------------------------' ! PRINT*,'MXSMC,SMCMAX=' , MXSMC,SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT CALL WDFCND ( WDF,WCND,MXSMC,SMCMAX,B,DKSAT,DWSAT, & SICEMAX ) INFMAX = MAX(INFMAX, WCND) INFMAX= MIN(INFMAX,PX) ! PRINT*,'SRT, AFTER WDFCND - 1 ------------------------------' ! PRINT*,'WDF,WCND=' , WDF,WCND ! PRINT*,'MXSMC,SMCMAX=' , MXSMC,SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT IF ( PCPDRP > INFMAX ) THEN RUNOFF1 = PCPDRP - INFMAX PDDUM = INFMAX END IF END IF ! TO AVOID SPURIOUS DRAINAGE BEHAVIOR IDENTIFIED BY P. GRUNMANN, ! FORMER APPROACH IN LINE BELOW REPLACED WITH NEW APPROACH IN 2ND LINE !...MXSMC = MAX( SH2OA(1), SH2OA(2) ) MXSMC = SH2OA(1) ! PRINT*,'SRT, BEFORE WDFCND - 2' ! PRINT*,'MXSMC,SMCMAX=' , MXSMC,SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT CALL WDFCND ( WDF,WCND,MXSMC,SMCMAX,B,DKSAT,DWSAT, & SICEMAX ) ! PRINT*,'SRT, AFTER WDFCND - 2' ! PRINT*,'WDF,WCND=' , WDF,WCND ! PRINT*,'MXSMC,SMCMAX=' , MXSMC,SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE MATRIX COEFFICIENTS AI, BI, AND CI FOR THE TOP LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ = 1. / ( -.5 * ZSOIL(2) ) AI(1) = 0.0 BI(1) = WDF * DDZ / ( -ZSOIL(1) ) CI(1) = -BI(1) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC RHSTT FOR THE TOP LAYER AFTER CALCING THE VERTICAL SOIL ! MOISTURE GRADIENT BTWN THE TOP AND NEXT TO TOP LAYERS. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DSMDZ = ( SH2O(1) - SH2O(2) ) / ( -.5 * ZSOIL(2) ) RHSTT(1) = (WDF * DSMDZ + WCND - PDDUM + EDIR + ET(1))/ZSOIL(1) SSTT = WDF * DSMDZ + WCND + EDIR + ET(1) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIALIZE DDZ2 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ2 = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! LOOP THRU THE REMAINING SOIL LAYERS, REPEATING THE ABV PROCESS ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 2 , NSOIL DENOM2 = ( ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K) ) IF ( K /= NSOIL ) THEN SLOPX = 1. ! AGAIN, TO AVOID SPURIOUS DRAINAGE BEHAVIOR IDENTIFIED BY P. GRUNMANN, ! FORMER APPROACH IN LINE BELOW REPLACED WITH NEW APPROACH IN 2ND LINE !....MXSMC2 = MAX ( SH2OA(K), SH2OA(K+1) ) MXSMC2 = SH2OA(K) ! PRINT*,'SRT, BEFORE WDFCND - 3' ! PRINT*,'MXSMC2,SMCMAX=' , MXSMC2,SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT ! PRINT*,'K=' , K CALL WDFCND ( WDF2,WCND2,MXSMC2,SMCMAX,B,DKSAT,DWSAT, & SICEMAX ) ! PRINT*,'SRT, AFTER WDFCND - 3' ! PRINT*,'WDF2,WCND2=' , WDF2,WCND2 ! PRINT*,'MXSMC2,SMCMAX=' , MXSMC2,SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC SOME PARTIAL PRODUCTS FOR LATER USE IN CALCNG RHSTT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DENOM = ( ZSOIL(K-1) - ZSOIL(K+1) ) DSMDZ2 = ( SH2O(K) - SH2O(K+1) ) / ( DENOM * 0.5 ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE MATRIX COEF, CI, AFTER CALCNG ITS PARTIAL PRODUCT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DDZ2 = 2.0 / DENOM CI(K) = -WDF2 * DDZ2 / DENOM2 ELSE ! SLOPE OF BOTTOM LAYER IS INTRODUCED ############ SLOPX = SLOPE !-------------------------------------------------------- ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! RETRIEVE THE SOIL WATER DIFFUSIVITY AND HYDRAULIC ! CONDUCTIVITY FOR THIS LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! PRINT*,'SRT, BEFORE WDFCND - 4' ! PRINT*,'SH2OA(NSOIL),SMCMAX=' , SH2OA(NSOIL),SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT ! PRINT*,'K=' , K CALL WDFCND ( WDF2,WCND2,SH2OA(NSOIL),SMCMAX, & B,DKSAT,DWSAT,SICEMAX ) ! PRINT*,'SRT, AFTER WDFCND - 4' ! PRINT*,'WDF2,WCND2=' , WDF2,WCND2 ! PRINT*,'SH2OA(NSOIL),SMCMAX=' , SH2OA(NSOIL),SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'B,DKSAT,DWSAT=' , B,DKSAT,DWSAT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC A PARTIAL PRODUCT FOR LATER USE IN CALCNG RHSTT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DSMDZ2 = 0.0 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SET MATRIX COEF CI TO ZERO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CI(K) = 0.0 END IF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC RHSTT FOR THIS LAYER AFTER CALCNG ITS NUMERATOR ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NUMER = (WDF2 * DSMDZ2) + SLOPX * WCND2 - (WDF * DSMDZ) & - WCND + ET(K) RHSTT(K) = NUMER / (-DENOM2) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC MATRIX COEFS, AI, AND BI FOR THIS LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC AI(K) = -WDF * DDZ / DENOM2 BI(K) = -( AI(K) + CI(K) ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! RESET VALUES OF WDF, WCND, DSMDZ, AND DDZ FOR LOOP TO NEXT LYR ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF(K == NSOIL) THEN !############### RUNOFF2: GROUND WATER RUNOFF ########### RUNOFF2 = SLOPX * WCND2 ENDIF IF ( K /= NSOIL ) THEN WDF = WDF2 WCND = WCND2 DSMDZ = DSMDZ2 DDZ = DDZ2 END IF END DO ! PRINT*,'SRT, final Runoff' ! PRINT*,'RUNOFF1=' , RUNOFF1 ! PRINT*,'RUNOFF2=' , RUNOFF2 RETURN END SUBROUTINE SRT SUBROUTINE SSTEP ( SH2OOUT, SH2OIN, CMC, RHSTT, RHSCT, DT, & NSOIL, SMCMAX, CMCMAX, RUNOFF3, ZSOIL,SMC,SICE ) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE/UPDATE THE SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT VALUES !C ======= AND THE CANOPY MOISTURE CONTENT VALUES. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOLD PARAMETER ( NSOLD = 20 ) INTEGER :: I INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: KK11 INTEGER :: NSOIL REAL :: AI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: BI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CI ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CIin ( NSOLD ) REAL :: CMC REAL :: CMCMAX REAL :: DT REAL :: RHSCT REAL :: RHSTT ( NSOIL ) REAL :: RHSTTin ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2OIN ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SH2OOUT ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SICE ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: ZSOIL(NSOIL) REAL :: RUNOFF3, RUNOFS, WPLUS, DDZ, STOT, WFREE, DPLUS COMMON /ABCI/ AI, BI, CI ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CREATE 'AMOUNT' VALUES OF VARIABLES TO BE INPUT TO THE ! TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX ROUTINE. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 1 , NSOIL RHSTT(K) = RHSTT(K) * DT AI(K) = AI(K) * DT BI(K) = 1. + BI(K) * DT CI(K) = CI(K) * DT END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! COPY VALUES FOR INPUT VARIABLES BEFORE CALL TO ROSR12 ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 1 , NSOIL RHSTTin(K) = RHSTT(K) END DO DO K = 1 , NSOLD CIin(K) = CI(K) END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALL ROSR12 TO SOLVE THE TRI-DIAGONAL MATRIX ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CALL ROSR12 ( CI, AI, BI, CIin, RHSTTin, RHSTT, NSOIL ) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! SUM THE PREVIOUS SMC VALUE AND THE MATRIX SOLUTION TO GET A ! NEW VALUE. MIN ALLOWABLE VALUE OF SMC WILL BE 0.02. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! ################## RUNOFF3: Runoff within soil layers ####### RUNOFS = 0.0 WPLUS = 0.0 RUNOFF3 = 0. DDZ = - ZSOIL(1) DO K = 1 , NSOIL IF ( K /= 1 ) DDZ = ZSOIL(K - 1) - ZSOIL(K) SH2OOUT(K) = SH2OIN(K) + CI(K) + WPLUS / DDZ ! PRINT*,'IN sstep' ! PRINT*,'SH2OOUT=', SH2OOUT STOT = SH2OOUT(K) + SICE(K) IF ( STOT > SMCMAX ) THEN IF ( K == 1 ) THEN DDZ = -ZSOIL(1) ELSE KK11 = K - 1 DDZ = -ZSOIL(K) + ZSOIL(KK11) END IF WPLUS = ( STOT - SMCMAX ) * DDZ ELSE WPLUS = 0. END IF SMC(K) = MAX ( MIN( STOT, SMCMAX ), 0.02 ) SH2OOUT(K) = MAX ( (SMC(K) - SICE(K)), 0.0 ) END DO ! ### V. KOREN 9/01/98 ###### ! WATER BALANCE CHECKING UPWARD IF(WPLUS > 0.) THEN DO I=NSOIL-1,1,-1 IF(I == 1) THEN DDZ=-ZSOIL(1) ELSE DDZ=-ZSOIL(I)+ZSOIL(I-1) ENDIF WFREE=(SMCMAX-SH2OOUT(I)-SICE(I))*DDZ DPLUS=WFREE-WPLUS IF(DPLUS >= 0.) THEN SH2OOUT(I)=SH2OOUT(I)+WPLUS/DDZ SMC(I)=SH2OOUT(I)+SICE(I) WPLUS=0. ELSE SH2OOUT(I)=SH2OOUT(I)+WFREE/DDZ SMC(I)=SH2OOUT(I)+SICE(I) WPLUS=-DPLUS ENDIF END DO 30 RUNOFF3=WPLUS ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! UPDATE CANOPY WATER CONTENT/INTERCEPTION (CMC). CONVERT RHSCT TO ! AN 'AMOUNT' VALUE AND ADD TO PREVIOUS CMC VALUE TO GET NEW CMC. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CMC = CMC + DT * RHSCT IF (CMC < 1.E-20) CMC=0.0 CMC = MIN(CMC,CMCMAX) RETURN END SUBROUTINE SSTEP SUBROUTINE TBND (TU, TB, ZSOIL, ZBOT, K, NSOIL, TBND1) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: CALCULATE TEMPERATURE ON THE BOUNDARY OF THE LAYER !C ======= BY INTERPOLATION OF THE MIDDLE LAYER TEMPERATURES ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: NSOIL INTEGER :: K REAL :: TBND1 REAL :: T0 REAL :: TU REAL :: TB REAL :: ZB REAL :: ZBOT REAL :: ZUP REAL :: ZSOIL (NSOIL) PARAMETER (T0=273.15) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C USE SURFACE TEMPERATURE ON THE TOP OF THE FIRST LAYER ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF(K == 1) THEN ZUP=0. ELSE ZUP=ZSOIL(K-1) ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C USE DEPTH OF THE CONSTANT BOTTOM TEMPERATURE WHEN INTERPOLATE !C TEMPERATURE INTO THE LAST LAYER BOUNDARY ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IF(K == NSOIL) THEN ZB=2.*ZBOT-ZSOIL(K) ELSE ZB=ZSOIL(K+1) ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C LINEAR INTERPOLATION BETWEEN THE AVERAGE LAYER TEMPERATURES ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC TBND1 = TU+(TB-TU)*(ZUP-ZSOIL(K))/(ZUP-ZB) RETURN END SUBROUTINE TBND SUBROUTINE TDFCND ( DF, SMC, Q, SMCMAX, SH2O) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY AND CONDUCTIVITY OF !C ======= THE SOIL FOR A GIVEN POINT AND TIME. !C !C VERSION: PETERS-LIDARD APPROACH (PETERS-LIDARD et al., 1998) !C ======= ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REAL :: DF REAL :: GAMMD REAL :: THKDRY REAL :: AKE REAL :: THKICE REAL :: THKO REAL :: THKQTZ REAL :: THKSAT REAL :: THKS REAL :: THKW REAL :: Q REAL :: SATRATIO REAL :: SH2O REAL :: SMC REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: XU REAL :: XUNFROZ ! WE NOW GET QUARTZ AS AN INPUT ARGUMENT (SET IN ROUTINE REDPRM): ! DATA QUARTZ /0.82, 0.10, 0.25, 0.60, 0.52, ! & 0.35, 0.60, 0.40, 0.82/ ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! IF THE SOIL HAS ANY MOISTURE CONTENT COMPUTE A PARTIAL SUM/PRODUCT ! OTHERWISE USE A CONSTANT VALUE WHICH WORKS WELL WITH MOST SOILS ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! THKW ......WATER THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY ! THKQTZ ....THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY FOR QUARTZ ! THKO ......THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY FOR OTHER SOIL COMPONENTS ! THKS ......THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY FOR THE SOLIDS COMBINED(QUARTZ+OTHER) ! THKICE ....ICE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY ! SMCMAX ....POROSITY (= SMCMAX) ! Q .........QUARTZ CONTENT (SOIL TYPE DEPENDENT) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! USE AS IN PETERS-LIDARD, 1998 (MODIF. FROM JOHANSEN, 1975). ! PABLO GRUNMANN, 08/17/98 ! REFS.: ! FAROUKI, O.T.,1986: THERMAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS. SERIES ON ROCK ! AND SOIL MECHANICS, VOL. 11, TRANS TECH, 136 PP. ! JOHANSEN, O., 1975: THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SOILS. PH.D. THESIS, ! UNIVERSITY OF TRONDHEIM, ! PETERS-LIDARD, C. D., ET AL., 1998: THE EFFECT OF SOIL THERMAL ! CONDUCTIVITY PARAMETERIZATION ON SURFACE ENERGY FLUXES ! AND TEMPERATURES. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, ! VOL. 55, PP. 1209-1224. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! NEEDS PARAMETERS ! POROSITY(SOIL TYPE): ! POROS = SMCMAX ! SATURATION RATIO: SATRATIO = SMC/SMCMAX ! print *, 'SATRATIO=',SATRATIO ! PARAMETERS W/(M.K) THKICE = 2.2 THKW = 0.57 THKO = 2.0 ! IF (Q .LE. 0.2) THKO = 3.0 THKQTZ = 7.7 ! SOLIDS CONDUCTIVITY THKS = (THKQTZ**Q)*(THKO**(1.- Q)) ! print *, 'THKS = ',THKS ! UNFROZEN FRACTION (FROM 1.0, I.E., 100%LIQUID, TO 0.0 (100% FROZEN)) XUNFROZ=(SH2O + 1.E-9)/(SMC + 1.E-9) ! print *, ' ' ! print *, 'XUNFROZ = ',XUNFROZ ! print *, ' ' ! UNFROZEN VOLUME FOR SATURATION (POROSITY*XUNFROZ) XU=XUNFROZ*SMCMAX ! SATURATED THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY THKSAT = THKS**(1.-SMCMAX)*THKICE**(SMCMAX-XU)*THKW**(XU) ! print *, 'THKSAT = ',THKSAT ! DRY DENSITY IN KG/M3 GAMMD = (1. - SMCMAX)*2700. ! print *, 'GAMMD = ',GAMMD ! DRY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY IN W.M-1.K-1 THKDRY = (0.135*GAMMD + 64.7)/(2700. - 0.947*GAMMD) ! print *, 'THKDRY = ',THKDRY ! RANGE OF VALIDITY FOR THE KERSTEN NUMBER IF ( SATRATIO > 0.1 ) THEN ! KERSTEN NUMBER (FINE FORMULA, AT LEAST 5% OF PARTICLES<(2.E-6)M) IF ( (XUNFROZ + 0.0005) < SMC ) THEN ! FROZEN AKE = SATRATIO ELSE ! UNFROZEN AKE = LOG10(SATRATIO) + 1.0 ENDIF ELSE ! USE K = KDRY AKE = 0.0 ! print *, 'AKE (ELSE) = ',AKE ENDIF ! THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY DF = AKE*(THKSAT - THKDRY) + THKDRY RETURN END SUBROUTINE TDFCND SUBROUTINE TRANSP (ET,NSOIL,ETP1,SMC,CMC,ZSOIL,SHDFAC,SMCWLT, & CMCMAX,PC,CFACTR,SMCREF,SFCTMP,Q2,NROOT,RTDIS) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE TRANSPIRATION FROM THE VEGTYP FOR THIS PT. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC INTEGER :: I INTEGER :: K INTEGER :: NSOIL INTEGER :: NROOT REAL :: CFACTR REAL :: CMC REAL :: CMCMAX REAL :: ET ( NSOIL ) REAL :: ETP1 REAL :: ETP1A REAL :: GX (7) !.....REAL PART ( NSOIL ) REAL :: PC REAL :: RTDIS ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SHDFAC REAL :: SMC ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SMCREF REAL :: SMCWLT REAL :: ZSOIL ( NSOIL ) REAL :: SFCTMP, Q2, SGX, DENOM, RTX ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! INITIALIZE PLANT TRANSP TO ZERO FOR ALL SOIL LAYERS. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DO K = 1, NSOIL ET(K) = 0. END DO ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC AN 'ADJUSTED' POTNTL TRANSPIRATION ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! c If statements to avoid TANGENT LINEAR problems near zero IF (CMC /= 0.0) THEN ETP1A = SHDFAC * PC * ETP1 * (1.0 - (CMC /CMCMAX) ** CFACTR) ELSE ETP1A = SHDFAC * PC * ETP1 ENDIF SGX = 0.0 DO I = 1, NROOT GX(I) = ( SMC(I) - SMCWLT ) / ( SMCREF - SMCWLT ) GX(I) = MAX ( MIN ( GX(I), 1. ), 0. ) SGX = SGX + GX (I) END DO SGX = SGX / NROOT DENOM = 0. DO I = 1,NROOT RTX = RTDIS(I) + GX(I) - SGX GX(I) = GX(I) * MAX ( RTX, 0. ) DENOM = DENOM + GX(I) END DO IF ( DENOM <= 0.0) DENOM = 1. DO I = 1, NROOT ET(I) = ETP1A * GX(I) / DENOM END DO ! ABOVE CODE ASSUMES A VERTICALLY UNIFORM ROOT DISTRIBUTION ! CODE BELOW TESTS A VARIABLE ROOT DISTRIBUTION ! ET(1) = ( ZSOIL(1) / ZSOIL(NROOT) ) * GX * ETP1A ! ET(1) = ( ZSOIL(1) / ZSOIL(NROOT) ) * ETP1A ! ### USING ROOT DISTRIBUTION AS WEIGHTING FACTOR ! ET(1) = RTDIS(1) * ETP1A ! ET(1) = ETP1A*PART(1) ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! LOOP DOWN THRU THE SOIL LAYERS REPEATING THE OPERATION ABOVE, ! BUT USING THE THICKNESS OF THE SOIL LAYER (RATHER THAN THE ! ABSOLUTE DEPTH OF EACH LAYER) IN THE FINAL CALCULATION. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! DO 10 K = 2, NROOT ! GX = ( SMC(K) - SMCWLT ) / ( SMCREF - SMCWLT ) ! GX = MAX ( MIN ( GX, 1. ), 0. ) ! TEST CANOPY RESISTANCE ! GX = 1.0 ! ET(K) = ((ZSOIL(K)-ZSOIL(K-1))/ZSOIL(NROOT))*GX*ETP1A ! ET(K) = ((ZSOIL(K)-ZSOIL(K-1))/ZSOIL(NROOT))*ETP1A !### USING ROOT DISTRIBUTION AS WEIGHTING FACTOR ! ET(K) = RTDIS(K) * ETP1A ! ET(K) = ETP1A*PART(K) ! 10 CONTINUE RETURN END SUBROUTINE TRANSP SUBROUTINE WDFCND ( WDF,WCND,SMC,SMCMAX,B,DKSAT,DWSAT, & SICEMAX ) IMPLICIT NONE ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC !C PURPOSE: TO CALCULATE SOIL WATER DIFFUSIVITY AND SOIL !C ======= HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY. ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REAL :: B REAL :: DKSAT REAL :: DWSAT REAL :: EXPON REAL :: FACTR1 REAL :: FACTR2 REAL :: SICEMAX REAL :: SMC REAL :: SMCMAX REAL :: VKwgt REAL :: WCND REAL :: WDF ! PRINT*,'------------ in WDFCND -------------------------------' ! PRINT*,'BEFORE WDFCND' ! PRINT*,'B=',B ! PRINT*,'DKSAT=',DKSAT ! PRINT*,'DWSAT=',DWSAT ! PRINT*,'EXPON=',EXPON ! PRINT*,'FACTR2=',FACTR2 ! PRINT*,'SMC=',SMC ! PRINT*,'SMCMAX=',SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'WCND=',WCND ! PRINT*,'WDF=',WDF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! CALC THE RATIO OF THE ACTUAL TO THE MAX PSBL SOIL H2O CONTENT ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC SMC = SMC SMCMAX = SMCMAX FACTR1 = 0.2 / SMCMAX FACTR2 = SMC / SMCMAX ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! PREP AN EXPNTL COEF AND CALC THE SOIL WATER DIFFUSIVITY ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC EXPON = B + 2.0 WDF = DWSAT * FACTR2 ** EXPON ! FROZEN SOIL HYDRAULIC DIFFUSIVITY. VERY SENSITIVE TO THE VERTICAL ! GRADIENT OF UNFROZEN WATER. THE LATTER GRADIENT CAN BECOME VERY ! EXTREME IN FREEZING/THAWING SITUATIONS, AND GIVEN THE RELATIVELY ! FEW AND THICK SOIL LAYERS, THIS GRADIENT SUFFERES SERIOUS ! TRUNCTION ERRORS YIELDING ERRONEOUSLY HIGH VERTICAL TRANSPORTS OF ! UNFROZEN WATER IN BOTH DIRECTIONS FROM HUGE HYDRAULIC DIFFUSIVITY. ! THEREFORE, WE FOUND WE HAD TO ARBITRARILY CONSTRAIN WDF ! version D_10cm: ........ FACTR1 = 0.2/SMCMAX ! Weighted approach...................... Pablo Grunmann, 09/28/99. IF (SICEMAX > 0.0) THEN VKwgt=1./(1.+(500.*SICEMAX)**3.) WDF = VKwgt*WDF + (1.- VKwgt)*DWSAT*FACTR1**EXPON ! PRINT*,'______________________________________________' ! PRINT*,'Weighted approach:' ! PRINT*,' SICEMAX VKwgt Dwgt' ! PRINT*,SICEMAX, VKwgt, 1.-VKwgt ! PRINT*,'______________________________________________' ENDIF ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ! RESET THE EXPNTL COEF AND CALC THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ! CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC EXPON = ( 2.0 * B ) + 3.0 WCND = DKSAT * FACTR2 ** EXPON ! PRINT*,' WDFCND Results --------------------------------' ! PRINT*,'B=',B ! PRINT*,'DKSAT=',DKSAT ! PRINT*,'DWSAT=',DWSAT ! PRINT*,'EXPON=',EXPON ! PRINT*,'FACTR2=',FACTR2 ! PRINT*,'SMC=',SMC ! PRINT*,'SMCMAX=',SMCMAX ! PRINT*,'WCND=',WCND ! PRINT*,'WDF=',WDF ! PRINT*,' SMC WDF WCND B' ! PRINT*,SMC,WDF,WCND,B RETURN END SUBROUTINE WDFCND